In order to explore the water-saving irrigation system of sugarcane under drip irrigation method, three main sugarcane areas were selected to carry out field experiment which were located in south, middle and north Guangxi respectively, observing and analyzing irrigation norm under different irrigation system to select to optimal one. The results showed that there is a little irrigation frequency for sugarcane stages in germination, seedling and maturation to meet the needs of its growth. However, it needs irrigate nine to fourteen times to meet the water requirement of sugarcane during the elongating stage. The area of highest average irrigation norm was north Guangxi, followed by middle Guangxi, and south Guangxi was the lowest area of irrigation norm. The average irrigation norm under three kinds of irrigation assurance was 1547m3/hm2, 1806m3/hm2 and 1963m3/hm2 for south, middle and north Guangxi respectively.

Defend on the dates of experiment and take Hexin town, Changchun as example ,the soil information system database and optimization of water and fertilizer coupling system were established with the combination of geographic information systems，optimization algorithm and crop model. The results show，the optimization of water and fertilizer coupling system can be solved efficiently in terms of crop model and genetic algorithms，theoretical basis can be provided by building the geographic information system.

Abstract: This paper analyzed water conservancy project measures concerning the over-exploitation of groundwater, and briefly introduced some measures that should be put into effect in Surfacewater-replacing-groundwater Project and high-efficient water-saving of well irrigation area with the application condition of those measures discussed. In the meantime, the Surfacewater-replacing-groundwater Project of Guantao County, Hebei Province as an example to introduce some practical applications for various water conservancy project measures, so as to provide some references for over-exploitation of groundwater management.

Hehuang valley is one of the main agricultural areas on qinghai-tibet plateau, where the agricultural development and irrigation canal system are almost perfectin the Qing dynasty. The understanding and study of the irrigation canals in Hehuang valley has practical significance for understanding human activities, agricultural development and environmental evolution. This article rebuilt the irrigation canalsinHehuang valley by using the literature data. The resultsindicate that the irrigation canals in Hehuang valley presented an imbalanced and concentrated distribution pattern in general.Most of the irrigation canals distributed in Huangshui river basin and the remaining others located in Yellow River basin.72.22 percent of irrigation canals distributed in the altitude of 2100m-2700m. Theirrigation canals distributed in mid-elevation alluvial plains,middle-high elevation medium Relief Mountains, middle-elevation loess liang and mao and middle-high elevation diluvial plain was about 94.84percent.The results demonstrate that 97.62percent mainly distributed in the range of 2km on both sides of the river. The development of irrigation canals in Hehuang valley was greatly influenced by and highly depended on natural conditions.

Agricultural water saving zoning is not only the foundation work of water saving agricultural development, but also an important basis for the planning and implementation of regional agricultural water saving program. Dongying city which located in the hinterland of the Yellow River Delta was be studied, index systems about agricultural water saving zoning were build in the paper, including administrative division, precipitation, soil types, agricultural planting structure, groundwater mineralization and distribution of river systems. In addition, the method of Geographical Information System(GIS) spatial analysis combining geostatistics were applied to the water saving zoning, Dongying city was divided into 5 major types, at the same time, reasonable agricultural water saving measures and development modes of different regions were used to direct the agricultural irrigation and production. Which is a guidline for High efficiency use of water resources and healthy development of regional economy.

Water resource is the important guarantee for regional economic development and social progress. Based on the theory of water footprint, the paper calculates the water footprint of the Northern Jiangsu Province in 2013, and evaluates the water resources in the region. Research results show that:(1)In 2013, the water footprint of Northern Jiangsu is 6.6172×1010m3, and the per capita water footprint is 2380.42m3 per capita.(2)In Northern Jiangsu Province, the water resources self-sufficiency rate is 97.97%, the regional water resources can meet the needs of the local production and living. Footprint population density and land density of 4.32 people/million m3, 1.27×106 m3/km2 units of the economic contribution rate of 20.49 yuan/m3, the internal efficiency index is not an advantage. Water resources in Northern Jiangsu Province in 2013 is more satisfying, the overall situation is outside, but also face some pressure, need to improve the efficiency of water resources utilization, comprehensive construction of water-saving society. Keywords: the Northern Jiangsu Province; Water footprint; Virtual Water; Regional Water Resources Evaluation

plot experiments were conducted to research the effects ofdifferent concentrations (0.27,0.2,0.14,0.09,0.05,0.02 mg / kg) of arsenic in rice irrigation water on soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, K and arsenic content, yield and quality of rice.The results show that, the concentration of arsenic in water was significantly negatively correlated with the content of P and K in soil, and was extremely negatively correlated with the total nitrogen content. And was extremely positively correlated with the arsenic content in soil. Under the same circumstances of irrigation water, when the content of arsenic in the water was at the maximum concentration, the content of N,P,K in soil compared to the original soil decreased by 57.83%, 85.85%, 55.85%; the arsenic content in soil compared to the original soil increased by 70.33%. In the range of the low concentration, Arsenic stress caused the inhibition of the growth, yield and quality of rice, but the difference was not significant.

We collected surface water and ground water samples from the agricultural areas of the mountainous regions in northern Guizhou Province and measured the major ions. The results show that all surface waters are neutral and mildly alkaline except the water in Damaopo Mountain which appears to be faintly acid，the same as all ground water samples. With decreasing elevation，the ion concentrations are found to increase considerably in the study region. According to the Arliekin’s classification，in the water of Dawodang and the top of Damaopo Mountain，Ca2+ accounts for 75.3% of the total major cations，HCO3- accounts for 57.9% of the total major anions，whose hydro-chemistry type is [S]CaⅡ.By contrast，among the water in Houcaoding and gully streams of Damaopo Mountain，HCO3- accounts for 53.4% of the total major anions，Ca2+ accounts for 76.7% of the total major cations，whose hydro-chemistry type is [C]CaⅠ，The magnitude relationship of cation concentrations in the researched area is Ca2+＞Na+＞Mg2+.According to source study of major ions through Gibbs boomerang envelope，the chemical compositions of the waters in the study region are controlled by rock weathering and dissolving. In addition，the concentration of Ca2+ and Na+ in cultivation areas will be impacted by ion exchange in surface soil，the atmospheric input and the disturbance of human activities. The concentration of K+、Cl-、NO3- increased significantly .As the way of land use conversion，the contribution values of agricultural activities on water ion concentration increased.

Based on the design requirements and engineering practice of river ecological revetment, using the analytic hierarchy process to establish the evaluation index system of ecological revetment from four aspects: basic requirements, ecological functions, ecological characteristics, and construction cost, at the same time, according to the dynamic changes of the river environment and ecosystem, the corresponding evaluation time is determined, combined with the grey correlation analysis method and dynamic matrix model, this paper proposes a dynamic evaluation for ecological revetment project and plan optimization method, and applied to practical engineering decision making. Research shows that the method of ecological revetment has carried on the comprehensive and scientific evaluation, the evaluation results showed a high consistency with the condition of the engineering practice, this method is feasible and effective.

Uncertainty analysis of flood frequency has been a hot research topic in the field of hydrology. In this paper, the unknown parameters of hydrologic frequency distribution linetype are considered as random variables，and Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo （MCMC） method based on Metropolis-Hastings algorithm is used to evaluate the posterior distributions of GEV distribution parameters and flood quantiles. The application example was conducted with the flood data in the Dadu River basin. The results show that the Bayesian MCMC method is an effective tool to estimate the parameters of the flood frequency estimation which gets a better fitting effect than the other parameter methods. In addition, confidence intervals obtained by Bayesian MCMC method have been compared with those obtained by Delta method, which shows that the width of confidence interval by Bayesian MCMC method is narrower. The distance between upper confidence limit and estimated value of is greater than the distance between lower confidence limit and estimated value, which is more close to the actual situation

Rural water conservancy construction is a complex social system, which will be affected by the natural environment, economic environment and other factors. This article selects data from 2003 to 2009, taking water consumption of ten thousand yuan of agriculture output，the added value of ten thousand yuan of industrial water，the area ratio of water-saving irrigation project and rural tap-water penetration as the four evaluation indexes for the quantitative analysis, results show that the regional rural water conservancy construction situation is evidently different; Choosing the seven typical Provinces to study the development trend of rural water conservancy construction further, it concludes that the regional development trend is basically identical. The results obtained could provide reference for the future rural water conservancy construction and water conservation measures.

Numerical simulations on the three-dimensional turbulent cavitation flow for a low specific speed centrifugal pump model that the impeller has three programs whose blade number were 3 long blades, 3/3 splitter blades and 6 long blades were conducted. External characteristic curves and head performance of cavitation were included. The result show that the less blades the impeller had, the faster head declined with NPSH reducing in fully developed cavitation. With the reducing of blade number, impeller inlet low-pressure area is reduced, and increases the blade load. Using the splitter blade, severe crowding phenomenon in impeller inlet is reduced and cavitation performance is improved. With the increase of blade number, the blade surface load decreases, using the splitter blade, blade surface load curve decline steepening of long blade in the splitter blade inlet. The simulation results better reflect the impact of cavitation in different impeller blades on a centrifugal pump, it laid the theoretical foundation for the study of cavitation characteristics.

The pump set model was designed and made in order to study the new open type axial pumping station. By experiment, the characteristics of model pump set about five blade angles, NPSHc of three blade angles and runaway characteristics at blade angle of -4° were got. The results prove that the pump set has high efficiency between 1.86m-3.8m of net water-head, its maximum efficiency is as high as 74.4% at blade angle of -4, and the runaway speed is 298.7r/min. Not only its NPSHc is satisfied but also its runway speed is safe during large operating range. The overall pump set energy characteristic and internal flow pattern were analyzed through 3-D turbulent numerical simulation. Compared with experimental data, it reveals that both results have good agreement at design point, and the off-design points have a certain deviation, but the efficiency difference is less than 1.6%. The flow pattern in bell-like inlet is good, but the outlet has two swirls, so the flow pattern in outlet is relatively poor. The optimization design about large drain pumping stations can benefit from the research.

Abstract：Different stagnant dropping standards are needed for dry crops because of its different root lengths during different growth stages. In order to realize the different stagnant dropping standards, Drainage water level must be controlled reasonably. A new type of sluice which can control the water level of the channel automatically is proposed in this paper. Its function is realized by setting some drain holes in the sluice. The drainage hole’s elevation and aperture is determined by the different stagnant dropping standards and designed rainfall amounts during different growth stages. The only requirement in real application is to adjust hole plugs. The new sluice has many merits as easy designing, ability of the application for the farmland for both flood and dry crops, easy operation, and economical etc. It is believed that its application will not only improve soil moisture in the field, but will also provide a protection to the farmland ecological environment.

In order to explore the energy dissipation process of the rotary vane spiral flow energy dissipation device,verify the rationality of its structure and research the effect of the different parameters about it,the paper used the Fluent software to conduct a numerical simulation of the 3D helical flow on the basis of the experimental research of the device,and obtained that:the measuring point pressures under different parameters of the device and the pressure distribution on the feature sections on both front and back of the trapezoidal combined orifice plates.After analyzing the results of the numerical simulation,it obtained that:the energy dissipation process showed by numerical simulations is consistent with the conjecture of experimental study;the pressure values calculated by numerical simulation are in agreement with the experimental results;the relationship between the device’s efficiency of energy dissipation and the Reynolds numbers and the torsion angles are positively correlated under certain conditions;the energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation device is better than that of the same kind orifice jet device.The paper not only can verify the rationality of the rotary vane spiral flow energy dissipation device,but also can provide theoretical support for its structural optimization and practical application.

Dam safety assessment is a typical multi levels and multi index comprehensive evaluation problem, which has important influence on the safety evaluation of dam. In this paper, a method of combining quantum genetic algorithm and analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weights of dam safety index is proposed, the fitness function of quantum genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem of nonlinear optimization, a quantum genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal weight value, and the evaluation of dam safety is achieved by the extension method. The results show that the new method is more accurate and faster than the traditional method, which has certain theoretical significance and practical value.

This paper uses FEA software-ANSYS’s APDL to propose a parametric FEA analysis method of underground symmetrical Y type crescent-rib steel bifurcation. This method comprising the bifurcation modeling, automatic meshing, loading and solving, can be used to not only design and optimize the structure but also do the sensitivity analysis of each element effecting the joint bearing proportion of steel bifurcation and surrounding rock. Then taking a pumped storage power station for example, the results show that this method can save a lot of work, improve work efficiency, has great practical value.

GIS switch station in installation and commissioning period often appeared the leakage of SF6 gas , circuit breaker rejecting closing, being difficult to measure the breaker opening and closing time when the breaker both side connected to the earth. This paper puts forward a solution to the above problems .it plays a reference role for future GIS switch station when appear the similar problems.

ABSTRACT: To increase control the reactive voltage a new algorithm for fast voltage control partitioning based on dynamic power flow is proposed. The method construct a power flow laplacian,and make a sample with the eigenvector of power flow laplacian，then clustering eigenvectors of power flow laplacian matrix for voltage control partitioning scheme based on spectral clustering algorithm. This method fully considered dynamic power flow can automatically determine the number of partitioning with the relative eigengaps of power flow laplacian，evaluated the effect through reactive margin index and partition-coefficient . Taking the New England 39-bus system system as example show that the results of this method are effective and feasible, The results can provide a theoretical basis for the voltage control partitioning of power system.