Based on the newly presented streamflow downscaling method on the basic of Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs), monthly streamflow of Yarkant River was simulated and proved to be outperforming the results from conventional BP artificial neural networks (ANNs). The future monthly streamflow (2020s, 2050s, 2080s) in response to climate change on Kaqun hydro-station, as well as the uncertainty interval, were projected with consideration of three emission scenarios (RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5) provided by three different global climate models (GFDL_ESM2G,GFDL_ESM2M, MIROC5). Results indicate that the streamflow downscaling method has better performance in capturing the inner-annual and interannual streamflow changes, with the correlation coefficient over 0.9 and the efficiency coefficient reaching 0.8. Affected by rising temperature, the monthly streamflow in Kaqun station are expected to increase under all the future scenarios., especially in RCP8.5, and May-Aug monthly streamflow shows greater upward trend than Sep-Apr monthly streamflow.

The establishment and development of water rights system with Chinese characteristic has been an urgent task in the process of practicing the most strict water resources management system (SWRMS) and solving the complicated water problems under the conditions of serious shortage of water resources and increasingly acute contradiction between water supply and demand in China. In this paper, the research idea of two levels water rights trading model of river basin was put forward under the most strict water resources management system: at frist ,one of which, the water-using rights trading takes to the maximum social and economic efficiency of the calculating unit as optimization object, and considers synthetically the constraint conditions on the coercion of water efficiency line, the priority and so on. And then the water-acquiring rights trading takes to the maximum social and economic efficiency of the river basin as optimization object, and considers synthetically the constraint conditions on the coercion of using water totally on the river basin, the amount of water and so on,finally model of the optimal solution is achieved through property transformation of water rights and system analysis method. Water right trading scheme is optimized using this model , which takes Shaying river basin as an example. The results show that: total amount of tradable water-using rights are 209.58 million cubic meters when the first trading was carried out, the water demand in different regions are satisfied except Zhengzhou, Zhoukou and part of users in Fuyang; Total of tradable water-acquiring rights are 137.19 million cubic meters when the second trading was carried out, the basic water needs are met in whole basin after trading. The total GDP of whole basin has increased by 2.6% without add water consumption after two levels transactions.

A dynamic programming model for the joint use of multiple reservoirs was proposed to optimize the water supply regulation in plain areas. The model sets the water supply cost for water transportation as the target function, uses different months as the calculation stages, selects the optimal scheme of water taking and supplying schemes in each stage, and approach the overall minimal water transportation cost by sum the minimal cost at all stages. The model is applied to the joint use of a plain reservoir and a planned underground reservoir in Ganyu County, Jiangsu Province. The result indicates that the joint use of reservoirs can largely ease pressure on the water supply in dry seasons, and the joint use of reservoirs not only raises the assurance rate of water supply, but also saves around 3.7 million RMB yuan annually compared to use reservoirs separately.

Abstract：Questions such as the urban water accumulation that caused by the urban waterlogging have influenced the people’s normal life. Taken a town in Hanzhong city Shananxi Province as an example, the designed rainfall process is defined on the basis of analysis of typical rainfall process by Chicago Rainfall Line. SWMM modelsystem is adopted to devide subcatchment area, generalize pipeline network and streamline parameters to establish the rainfall flood model. A LID control scheme is designed to simulate rainfall floods when the rainstorm return periods are one year,three years,five years and ten years. The result show that adopting water permeable bricks and sunken green space to revamp underlying layers will effectively reduce the rainfall peak flow, on the other hand the same area green space which deployed at downstream or upstream has the same reduction rate for peak rainfall flow, however deploying at downstream will delay the arrival of rainfall peak.

The reformation of slope farmland at hilly region is an effective approach to solve the problems of lacking arable land and water and soil erosion faced in China. A reformed slope farmland system based on new water harvesting technology has been put forward in this paper. This system is consisted of plough layer enclosed by field ridge and reservoir under plough layer and the pipes between two components can help collecting and transferring water for irrigation circularly. The test outcome showed that the evapotranspiration was basically the same as normal paddy field in hilly region, the irrigation quota decreased 1500 m3 per hectare and rainfall utilization rate raised 30%. The system has a very good performance on the aspect of water-saving. At the mean time, the system could reach the same productivity as paddy fields in plain terrain and performed better than normal terraced fields. Non-point source pollution emission amount was also far less than normal paddy field. This new technology gives us a new approach to improve farmland quality, expand irrigation farming area and guarantee nation food safety.

The technology of photovoltaic water pumping in our nation is getting well-developed in recent years. In many regions which have no common energy sources, it has a wide application that irrigation with photovoltaic water pumping technology. If irrigation belt is directly driven by this technology, a phenomenon can be seen. Because of instability of solar energy, the flow and pressure of micro-spray equipment have a wide variation, so irrigation cannot be stable and homogeneous. Therefore, ways of irrigation should be in accordance with the amount and time of working irrigation belts which are at different position and controlled by main pipeline.

There are three important problems faced by the Xiaokai River irrigation district: the conflict of water resources supply and demand, the ground water environment protection and the long distance transport of sediment. Based on the current situation of water resources utilization in the irrigation district and the property of sediment long distance transport , the water amount allocation efficiency model is set up with the total economic benefit aim of water resources allocation, the ground water level control model is set up with such aim and subjections of correct underground water depth, and the sediment transport efficiency model is also established through modeling the practical water and sediment optimal dispatch measurements. The Voting Analytic Hierarchy Process ( VAHP) is used to coup these three different aim models by the sequence of water amount model, water amount-sediment model and water amount-sediment-ground water model, and the joint optimization scheme of the domestic surface ground water and the water dispatched from the Yellow River is obtained in case of 50% and 75% level year. This optimal model summed up both of the economy and environment problems of the water resources utilization, and it has reference value for the sustainable development of the Xiaokai River irrigation area and other irrigation districts in the Yellow River downstream areas.

Easy accumulation of sewage and complicated construction of sewage pipes connecting shaft is focused on two major issues in rural sewage recycling process needed to solve. In this paper, the curved bottom integrated sewage collection device has been developed in an innovative way to solve these two issues. The device is mounted between the sewage discharge pipe from user and sewerage collection pipes, sloping bottom concave surface has been designed for the flow stability, sewage water and other debris does not accumulate in the sewage collection device and this device can be used to improve construction efficiency. owing to prefabricated approach, easy on-site installation.

Abstract:Based on drilled core method testing the sluice mold-bag-concrete strength of the south second distributing channel(3-4) in Hetao irrigation area, Inner Mongolia; Use the grubbs test and t-test method to reject compressive strength outlier of the core sample inspection lot, the statistical calculation results show that: The concrete core sample strength value of this inspection lot discrete a lot, but the t-test method plays its role well, it tested two outlier which need to reject and decreased the coefficient of variation. In order to better describe the reliability of the calculated inferred value of the concrete core sample strength, analyzing the project from macroscopic and microscopic, firstly carry on the stress-strain analysis, the upward section of the curve after dimensionless fit quadratic polynomial equation, while the downward section fit linear equation. Finally use SEM electron microscope analyzing the micro-morphology of the concrete core sample, indicating that the micro-morphology equates with the statistical calculation results.

The South-to-North Water Diversion Project of Beijing section is a major long distance water transfer project. It plays an important role in the emergency drainage system，reducing accident losses，reducing the impact of the range. In this paper, a mathematical model has been built. The condition of emergency service design, and discharge capacity\drainage time of working conditions across the board emptying have been simulated. Further, the importance of each drainage points and priority have been determined by calculating. The artesian flow and exit gates opening control issues have been investigated. Finally, the scheduling scheme of drainage system was optimization, in which providing a scientific basis for the project management decisions.

As the implement of West Development strategy, Chinese hydropower industry tends to develop rapidly and stably. Since the 21st century, it has obtained considerable development, and the situation will continue for a long period of time. Currently, the blade airfoil design is based on CFD and finite element analysis. And its core is the geometry of blade airfoils. Domestic and abroad experts have conducted the research of the parameterization. Parameterization is applied to traditional specific hydraulic design and optimization, applying a given thickness distribution based on the calculated meridian contour in most domestic research, while integrated parameterization has been applied to control the characteristics aboard. The following issues should be taken into consideration while studying the blade airfoil parameterization of hydro turbine, such as extracted airfoils, selection controlled points, universality of methods and comparisons of the hydraulic characteristics. Thus, parameterization shows a unique advantage in blade optimization as a method of studying airfoil. Such method could provide new ideas for future shape construction and optimization of the hydro turbine blade.

Abstract：In the installation process of electromechanical device in hydropower station, the assembly of Kaplan turbine runner is a very important construction point, especially for the giant Kaplan runner both in dimension and weight with intricate components, the assembly accuracy and quality of the runner has an essential effect on its running safety. A conclusion about the assembly of the components ,turn-over, the installation of the Kaplan runner blade and the test of Kaplan runner were summarized according to the structural characteristics and assembly flow of the Kaplan runner, the construction plan and schedule of the project, and the specific situation of construction site in Tongzilin Hydropower Station. Practices have proven that the assembly quality of the Kaplan runner meet the requirements of the relevant technical standards, which make the smooth construction of the hydro-generator possible.

Based on two –phase flow equations of the bubble dynamics ,this paper stimulates numerically of unsteady turbulent flow over the bulb turbine, calculates the energy characteristics when there’s cavitation inside of the turbine and the evolution characteristics of vortex rope inside of the draft tube. The results show that: the draft tube will have “columna”vortex carvities when the turbine is running at a high flow, with the changing of time, the volume of cavitation vortex rope is widely increased, so that the pressure fluctuation of draft tube inner wall increased as well; under different cavitation coefficient,the pressure fluctuation increases from the runner outlet, due to the the volume fluctuations of vacuoles occurs mainly in draft tube, so that the pressure pulsation inside of the draft tube reaches to the maximum, it will decrease gradually along the draft tube; the pressure pulsation in draft tube based on low frequency, the dominant frequency of vortex rope is rotating frequency, the remaining frequency is 2-5 times of dominant frequency of the second frequency caused by vortex revolution.

A mixed-reality technology based design method of power collaborative simulation. That mixed collaborative simulating environment is C/S based, and different designers can operate the related 3D model of the power equipment simultaneously. In this paper, a three-level based expressing graph is proposed to support the creation and virtualization of 3D models. The intuitive partial 3D model operation and snap grid mode are used for the reality modeling in the mixed environment. The Two-way direct communication between the mixed reality environment and power collaborative simulating design guarantees the data consistency and quick feedback of modification in different sites.