The two-dimensional numerical model of tidal current is built up to simulate the hydro-dynamics of the water area in Macao. The model was tested based on the observed data of water and sediment in 2012 and the topographic data in 2008. Different enclosing schemes were proposed. The flood data of “94.7” and hundred year flood in Qianshan river were used to calculate the hydro-dynamics in the water area for different enclosing schemes. The rationality of every enclosing scheme was argued through comparison and analysis the variation of the hydro-dynamics before and after the enclosing. And the reasonable enclosing scheme was chosen after analysis. These will apply technical reference for engineering application.

By analyzing and integrating the salient problem that Shi kui river exists, treating it as a whole, I used qualitative analyze and theory analyze to research and study. And put forward an structure called pile-groins which combined lead wire gabion with pile-groins to solve the problem about flood protecting, river scouring, sands silts up in river, meanwhile, satisfying the demands of agricultural water-using. It proved that this river structure has obvious advantages, better complex utilities, juxtaposing the ordinary and single groins, and provided reliable reference for similar mountainous river treatment.

With global climate change, extreme precipitation events were increasing, which caused serious influence and harm to human life. In this paper, precipitation data of 11 meteorological stations of prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province from 1960-2005, were calculated and their spatio-temporal distribution of extreme precipitation indices were analyzed with RClimDex model. The results showed that: Jiangxi Province, nearly 46 years’ extreme precipitation indices, except consecutive dry days（CDD）, showed different but general upward trend, the number of extreme precipitation days（R25）and extreme precipitation（R95P） was the most significant; comparison of three typical years’ extreme precipitation events for each indice revealed high value in the East and low value in the West, except ordinary daily precipitation intensity(SDII) is basically in a stable state, other remaining indices differs significantly; in extreme rainy years and extreme dry years, five-day maximum precipitation and five-day extreme precipitation of either extreme rainy years or extreme dry years were much higher than the average water years; extreme precipitation events in extreme dry years and extreme rainy years may hold much frequency and variation than average water years.

Soil evaporation is one of the main methods of farmland moisture loss, how to improve the storage capacity of farmland, inhibition of soil evaporation is an important part of water-saving. By withdrawing water hole, and mulch and straw mulching three measures is studied, the results show that sprinkle on different water measures influence is small, after the moderate rain and the heavy rain, because the permeability of plastic film mulching or steamed, 0 ~ 20 cm of soil water content is lower than the contrast, 20 ～60 cm soil moisture content was significantly higher than controls; After the straw mulching soil water first and then increase with the decrease of the reduced, cover 9000 kg?hm - 2 is the best; after aquasorb application of 0 ~ 100 cm soil water content is always higher than control, water conservation effect is good but more expensive, comprehensive water saving and economic benefit consideration, based on the best black film.

Using the genetic algorithm to discuss and analysis construction progress on hydropower project, this paper introduces the principle of the algorithm and the corresponding mathematical model is established, and the project time of calculation methods and steps is studied, the detailed result show that it is a potential tool to master the construction process for designers, and also it is a new method and path for designing a reasonable project time.

For the u-shape lining canal,taking into account the friction of the compound geomembrane and the concrete lining structure,the mechanics models of frost heaving damage of composite lining u-shape canal are builded.The internal force of the canal slope lining plate and the canal bottom lining plate are solved and the thickness of the lining plates are checked.Compared with the concrete canal,the tangential force of constraint of the lining canal from the tjaele is cut down by adding the compound geomembrane.The stress condition of the lining structure itself is improved.The distribution of the frost-heave capacity is more balanced.These have played an important role in anti-freezing expansion damage and have disclosed the mechanism of frost heaving damage.Compared with the trapezoidal canal,the lining u-shape canal has these advantages such as better hydraulic conditions,better globality,better adaptability to nonaffine deformation of the foundation.All these are conducive to anti-freezing expansion damage.It provides some theory basis for the technology of anti-freezing expansion damage of the compound lining canal.

In order to improve the dynamic governing performance of the hydro-turbine governing system, under the nonlinear model of the system with elastic water hammer effect, this paper proposed a design method of fractional order PIλDμ (FOPID) controller using improved particle swarm optimization algorithm. In the method, Oustloup recursive approximation based on optimal parameters (b=5.3878, d=0.7526) was used to realize the FOPID controller, and the best parameters of the controller were carried out by improved particle swarm optimization algorithm including adaptive parameter adjusting strategy and mutative scale chaos local search based on improved Tent map. The simulation results show that Oustloup recursive approximation based on optimal parameters has better fitting accuracy and wider band of the ideal frequency domain approximation for any order of fractional differential operator than Oustaloup and improved algorithm based on recommended parameters (b=10, d=9), and the proposed IACPSO algorithm possesses such advantages as high computation accuracy, strong stability and fast convergence speed. Moreover, it is found that the FOPID controller optimized by IACPSO algorithm can inhibit the load disturbance more effectively than other PID/FOPID controller, and has stronger robustness with respect to system parameters uncertainties.

This article describes the Kingview which is domestic generic configuration software and the virtual serial port server NC608 which belongs to Beijing Kanghai era. Comparing with the traditional double machine redundant implementations and operation, we have proposed and adopted a hot standby system based on virtual serial port server. Practices show that the system is stable, easily to use, stable operation and cost-effective.

Spherical steel bifurcation pipe is the most suitable for high head power station of the bifurcation pipe form, using the traditional standard design criteria will lead to the strength of the materials get into full play and be in large safety coefficient and wall thickness. Based on a spherical bifurcation pipe of high head power station, and adopted the complex method to optimize the body of the bifurcation pipe ,including the spherical shell structure, the main branch of transition section and reinforcing ring size, which reduce the spherical shell and the tubes the thickness of the transition section and increase the width of the reinforcing ring. At the same time using ANSYS finite element software calculate the stress of the bifurcation pipe before and after the optimization and finding that each part stress distribution is more uniform and meet the specification value; each part of the biggest stress value increases slightly after optimization and the steel strength is into full play, As the spherical shell and the main branch transition period of joint deformation is almost zero, so there is no stress concentration phenomenon. This is similar to reference for the design of high head spherical bifurcation pipe and it has a certain practical significance.

In order to study the abrasion law of volute and impeller in two-blade sewage pump. The research model is two-blade sewage pump named WQ8-20-1.5. With RNG k-ε turbulence model, SIMPLEC algorithm and mixture two-phase flow model, the solid field was simulated by the solid fraction of 6%,15%,20% and particle size of 0.06mm, 0.12mm, 0.18mm under design conditions. The results show that the particles of the solid phase are uneven distribution in the impeller flow field. The particles are mainly concentrated in the blade pressure surface and at the front and rear cover of its export. With the increase of the solid particles, the solid volume concentration of the volute flow channel increases. The particle size distribution of the solid phase of the volute flow channel within was close to the shell side of the trend, the solid particles are mostly concentrated in the seven section to the exit. The increase of the particle diameter to the solid phase segregation effect is more significant, the particle volume fraction of solid phase segregation effect is small; The large the particle diameter ,the head efficiency is lowered, but the change is small , the particle volume fraction increases, the head efficiency is lowered, a large degree of reduction; Over current wall shear stress as the particle size and volume concentration increases with increasing, volume fraction of its more obvious changes.

　　As the pump station in our country applies the traditional step-down startup methods，this article puts forward a typical intelligent soft starter equipment and a new starter methods which is applied in pump engineering. According to both clarifying the principle of intelligent soft starter and building the mathematical model of slop-start with pump load ,the simulation and comparison associated to the starter current ,speed and torque between the overall voltage and the slop starter are given. Fuzzy control toolbox is used to simulate the adaptive Fuzzy PID Closed- loop model，the experiment shows that the adaptive Fuzzy Closed- loop PID has better control characteristics in the start of pump load than the routine PID control system.

The number of impeller blades is one of the main design parameters of the pump as turbine, in order to study the impact of blade number on the pump as turbine, computational fluid dynamics software ANSYS CFX was adopted in the flow field analysis under the conditions that the blade number Z=5、7、9, then the different head and the efficiency curves of the pump as turbine were obtained as well as the internal pressure field and velocity streamline of the impeller and guide vane. Analysis of the performance curve shows that: the number of blades has little effect on the head of the pump as turbine; there is zero efficiency point on the efficiency curve and the flow rate of zero efficiency point is Q7>Q5>Q9 under high flow conditions. Analysis of the internal flow field shows that: with the increasing of the number of blades , the fluid is squeezed more seriously and the pressure gradient becomes more obvious, and the impeller inlet area of vortex region is gradually decreased and the internal flow is improved effectively. When Q>180m3/h, the impeller efficiency curve and the impeller hydraulic loss curve change gently, the efficiency is the highest and the hydraulic loss is the least when Z=7. A conclusion was drawn that the pump as turbine is suitable to be run under the large flow conditions and the optimum number of blades is 7.

Water plant daily water demand forecasting is the basis for optimization of city water supply dispatch, to meet the water plant requirement is the basic goal of dispatching of water supply system, therefore the accurate prediction process of water demand is prerequisite for the optimal scheduling of water supply. Through the analysis on the changes of water daily water demand of Shenzhen waterworks, the extraction about the key influence factors for water plant daily water demand forecasting, with the time series model ARMA (1,1) as the foundation, at the same time embedded adaptive prediction mechanism, the prediction method of water daily water demand process is put forward. The examples show that the ARMA model can be applied to Shenzhen city water daily water demand forecast, the average relative error of forecast is less than 10%, predictive value distribution is basically consistent with the measured values, prediction accuracy is higher.

Water pollution from farmlands drainage had threatened the environment of Ningxia irrigation area and water quality of Yellow River. This research investigated the dynamics of water quantity and quality of farmlands drainage in the West drainage ditch of Ningxia Yellow River irrigation region during 2010. The results showed that total water discharged from West ditch to Yellow River was 21735000m3, about 33.6% of water supply from April to September. The highest concentration of NH4-N was 4mg/L, and the average concentration was 1 mg/L, above the allowable value of class III, specified by “National Environmental Protection Standard”, belonging to the level of medium pollution. The average concentration of TN was 4.6 mg/L, much more than the allowable value of class V, and belongs to the level of heavy pollution. The total loading of NH4-N, NO3-N, TN and TP are 18624.6kg, 78424.7kg, 116459.2kg and 541.3kg respectively during April and September.

This article is starting from the definition of Water User Association (WUA), which based on investigating the establishment, existing status and characteristics of WUA in Zhejiang Province. It proposes that WUA is a bridge for communication between government and farmers, which is the subject of irrigation management, water charge of irrigation and the irrigation order maintenance in irrigated area. It also can solve small rural water conservancy project management problem of “lacking main body”. Furthermore this article uses Zhejiang province for example, which analyses the prerequisites of the influence of development of WUA, and presents three kinds of driving mode with its applicable conditions of WUE in developed area in south china.

Abstract: In order to improve the operational capacity，learn training needs of township water conservancy staff，more targeted select or prepae training materials and develop training programs，we carry out survey of township water conservancy work.Based on the analysis of 653 valid questionnaires，for rural water conservancy staff personnel,knowledge structure status quo,we preliminary study suitable township water conservancy staff training materials composition and training methods，to provide a reference for future training.

Agriculture consumes a major part of water which takes about 60% of the total water usage. With the increasing population, the food demand continuously increases. This induces the requirement of the water use efficiency improvement and the corresponding high-standard farmland construction. In this study, the relevant technical standards are analyzed. Including the factors such as water, farmland, forest and road, the parameters in these standards are compared and analyzed. The research results provide data reference and basis for the improvement of relevant standards in high-standard farmland building.