For well 201 in Zhouzhi, taking rainfall capacity, evaporation capacity, irrigation capacity amount per unit of area and artificial exploitation quantity as input samples and taking groundwater level as output sample to establish BP Model. Using 4 sequences of data from 2002 to 2011 establishes GM(1,1) model and gains predictive value from 2012 to 2014. Taking the predictive value as input factors in BP Model, and the final output is the predictive value from 2012 to 2014 of groundwater. The results show that coupled model of GM(1,1) model and BP Model has high accuracy and can provide references for groundwater level regime forecast.

With the rapid development of economy, the contradiction between increased water demand and decreased water supply has become obvious, reasonable allocation of limited water resources is becoming particularly important. The paper establishes a multi-objective optimal allocation model of regional water resources based on the principle of multi-objective programming, this model takes the maximum comprehensive benefits of society, economy and environment as the target, PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm is used to solve the model, the results of water resources optimal allocation of Yinchuan City for benchmark year 2020, under three designing assurance rate are obtained. The method and conclusion can provide a scientific decision-making of scientific project planning, water saving and regulation for Yinchuan City. The results show that the model established by this paper is reasonable and feasible and the algorithm is effective.

Through the current investigation to aquatic organisms of Chaohu Lake ecological water transfer line passing the West trillion River, the eastern half of Chaohu Lake，and the Yuxi River in September 2010, the analysis of changes of manual control lake before and after in the habitats for Chaohu Lake aquatic organisms，combined with historical data, from the point of view of the ecological needs of aquatic organisms, keeping a low water level of 7.5m in winter and spring ,raising to more than 8.5m in summer are proposed , thus, the ecological water level fluctuation mode of the winter low and summer high is formed.

In southern China, the phenomenon of lacking fluoride in groundwater was ubiquity. In 2011, the groundwater quality of 56 sampling wells around Poyang Lake Area was investigated to analysis the content characteristics and causes of fluoride in shallow groundwater by applying SPSS and mathematics statistical methods. Results showed that fluoride in groundwater was widely distributed around Poyang Lake Area. Fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.001 to 0.418 mg/L, with the mean value of 0.089 mg/L. Fluorine content was general low, which failed to meet the daily needs of people, and caused a certain threat to the oral health of local residents. Soil and rock properties were main factors of low fluorine content in groundwater; in addition, the content and distribution of fluorine in groundwater were affected by hydrochemistry type, climatic conditions, water pH and flow conditions of the groundwater.

Near the bottom to form a floating sludge layer not only relates to the flood and sediment transport in Xiaolangdi reservoir, but also for the later flood sediment transport influence. One of the people on the reservoir Hydrodynamic characteristics have never been studied, no unified understanding, therefore the question carries on the preliminary analysis, the reservoir sedimentation and sand has important significance. This article used the theoretical analysis and experimental simulation methods focus on the Xiaolangdi reservoir floating sludge formation conditions, rheological properties, equilibrium slope and the current operation of the corresponding. The results show that: the Xiaolangdi reservoir mud is close to the reservoir at the bottom of the high sediment concentration water, it and the upper bodies of water have obvious interface, and has great mobility; its Bingham limiting shear stress, stiffness coefficient, balance gradient and density are closely related; In front of dam s Desilting Bottom Outlet open the case,later flood generates enough energy density flow when the early reservoir, mud drive and out.

According to the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” strategic planning, interconnected river system network is regarded as an important way to enhance the health of rivers. Interconnected river system network plays a significant role in improving the quality of water body. It can promote the mobility of water in order to accelerate the dilution rate of polluted. In recent years, Sihong County urbanization process is accelerating. Meanwhile, river system network in Sihong County is bad interconnected, so the water quality here is getting worse and worse. Via the plan of the large and the small connectivity program, water in river can achieve an orderly flow and meet the demand of water resources. Based on the calculation and simulation of MIKE11, water quality has been improved by taking these measures under the premise of pollution interception.

Improving the agricultural productivity of soil salinization has become an important part and the way to promote the marginal soil fertility, and studying the influence to root water uptake and the models about the root water uptake is an important content of the aspects of one. This paper first introduces the research progress of the root water uptake models; Then based on this，the commonly used crop root water uptake model and its related research under the water salt stress conditions at home and abroad are reviewed, which points out the development from static to dynamic, outstands water stress and salt stress’s impact to the root water uptake coupling and reflects crop root water uptake character’s space difference is the key of crop root water uptake model under the salt water stress .

On the basis of the analysis of Guangxi agricultural water-saving irrigation technology application and Guangxi Tianyang County water-saving irrigation demonstration project, Pointed out Guangxi agricultural water-saving irrigation technology development problems, And proposed future of Guangxi water-saving irrigation development strategies.

A set of intelligent greenhouse environment monitor and control system based on zigbee wireless network was developed. The system could monitor temperature and humidity, soil water content and CO2 concentration in greenhouse. The membrane of greenhouse can be opened and closed by the system in monitor center. Greenhouse environment monitor and control system includes the acquisition controller and greenhouse remote monitor and control software. Greenhouse acquisition controller can realize three kinds of controls modes, including local manual control, remote controller control and remote wireless control in monitor center. Greenhouse remote monitor and control software can collect, display and record data. The operation of the whole system is simple and wiring is convenient.

AS an important water supply project, the reservoir plays a key role to the urban and rural water supply security. Because of the deficiency of the early reservoir inflow, the reservoir can’t meet the water needs of the next stage in during drought period. The early warning to reservoir storage is needed, in order to take measures more early for the water shortage. This paper takes Yangxi Reservoir in Yongkang city as research object, defines three-grade early warning described by the colors yellow, orange, red, and blue respectively, gives the results of the one-day reservoir storage capacity inverse timing adjustable calculated with one day for a period of time by using series of multi years data ( 1965-2008 ). Through the statistical analysis of the results of reservoir storage capacity, this paper identified the yellow, orange and red lines and Change limits of three-grade warning lines. The results of this study can guide the drought period water supply of reservoir operation management, so that regional economy society does not unduly influence due to the lack of water, to ensure to get through different degrees of drought period smoothly.

The urban raw water system has characteristics of complex network structure, large-scale, differences in different regional. Focus on the problem of computer simulation of urban raw water supply dispatch, a raw water system conceptualization model is proposed, which constitute with the basic elements of points, lines and units. Several class are designed using object-oriented technology, such as data class for communicating with user interface, object classes for describing basic elements and algorithm class for simulation controlling. Issues of dynamic storage and restore for network topology relations, optimization for traversal algorithm and design of class interface are also discussed. The simulation model has been applied in development of water dispatch and management system in Shenzhen City. It is proved that simulation model, which designed with object-oriented technology, has many advantages, such as clearer ideas, structured, easier for modular implement and so on. It is able to guarantee the scalability of the model and improve the reuse of code.

This paper studies the arrangement of flow monitoring points in water supply pipe network fault diagnosis. The optimization arrangement model considering the flow sensitivity of monitoring points is established and the integer coding genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the optimization problem. Considering the code duplication problem produced by genetic operation of initial generation, crossover and mutation, a new improved algorithm is proposed. The analysis result of an example shows that diagnosis effect of the flow information of the monitoring points based on the optimization arrangement method proposed in this paper are better, especially under the condition of small amount of water leakage, the detection rate to burst pipeline for the information about flow monitoring points based on optimization is higher than that of water pressure.

How to ensure that the urban water supply rationalization and better serving the people, is an important part of urban water management. Java technology, under the guidance of the MVC thinking, combined with Struts2 with Spring open source framework, the use of SQL Server 2005 database for data storage, design and development of a better load management, water quality protection, water supply schemes, for the protection of the city water protection, water supply failure treatment, pollution control, protection of water charging, system security, and business is more scientific and effective online management system, in order to achieve the dynamic management of water-related data, and automatic data collection, analysis, storage, early warning and processing, in order to enhance and improve the efficiency of water management, reliability, automation, digitization and modernization of urban water management.

Because of discontinuity of flow at the cross section of dam site for partial dam break flow, discharge therein could not be computed directly from the 1-D unsteady flow equations. Weir formula of wide crest flow is usually adopted in 1-Dmodel to simulate such flow. As weir flow formula is originally obtained under steady flow condition, verification is needed before applying to such strong unsteady flow. To do so, in this paper, 2-D model was introduced because, under certain conditions, out flow discharge at the dam site of partial dam break can be computed automatically. Computation shows that discharge process of 1-D and 2-D model agree quite well, and differences of peak discharges are within the range of ±5%, computed peak discharge is also very close to the empirical formula result at dam site for partial dam break flow. Coupling of weir formula with 1-D unsteady flow equation is applicable for the simulation of the partial dam break flow.

Drought is one of the most major natural dsasters in Huaibei region of Anhui Province, and it has restrict the developments of the society, economy and agriculture. In this paper the drought features and drought causes in Huaibei of Anhui Province are introduced frist of all, and then Meteorological drought(percentage of precipitation anomalies, precipitation frequency, consecutine days without rain); Hydrological drought(groundwatert depth); Agricultural drought(relative soil moisture) are used to found the drought index system. And the drought classfication of spring drought, summer drought, autumn drought and winter drought are fixed by the method of frequency analyse. Drought conditions of representative years in Huaibei of Anhui Province are analysed. The results show that the drougth index system can reflect the regional real drought condition and make up for the deficiency of single drought index.

The formation and progression of an ice cover depends on the channel flow conditions and the incoming amount and type of ice, the ice jam length、thickness and shape character are different with different flow conditions. At the same time, the upstream flow characteristics may be affected by different ice jam. In this paper, the upstream water depth and discharge coefficient of sluice gate are studied under different ice cover type by model test. The ice cover length、thickness and shape are extremely different when the ice block pass through sluice gate or not, The critical Froude number Fr 、the ratio between gate opening and water depth e/H and the Froude number of ice block Fb are defined as the criteria of ice pass through sluice gate or not.. it is very useful for guide the safe operation of channel during winter time in cold region.

According to the problems such as underground brine erosion mud and slot bore collapse in the construction of concrete cutoff wall of Shuangwangcheng Reservoir in the East-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. This article choosed specific gravity, water loss rate, pH and viscosity as mud performance index and analysed the performance differences of the salt brine mud and fresh mud in the same formula condition. And through the orthogonal test, we studied the effects on brine mud properties of mading mud materials (bentonite, CMC and NaOH), therefore obtained the best ratio and the brine mud was applied in engineering practice. The results as followed: (1) compared with fresh water mud, the salt brine mud has the higher specific gravity and water loss rate, however has the lower pH and mud viscosity; (2) bentonite and CMC can increase viscosity and specific gravity of salt brine mud, reducing the water loss rate; (3) NaOH can increase the pH, specific gravity and viscosity of salt brine mud, reducing the water loss rate; (4) The best ratio of each component of the stabilization slurry of cutoff wall underground was, brine: bentonite: CMC: NaOH = 1000:150:0.5:2. This ratio was applied in engineering practice, which improved the mud performance, reduced the slot bore collapse and achieved good results.

The design of settling basin sedimentation rate is the main control index, to the design of settling basin is very important. This article through the quasi static water sedimentation method, supersaturated sediment transport method and precipitation probability method for three kinds of calculation and analysis of Sedimentation rate, Combined with the actual engineering application and experience experience, has a certain practical value.

On account of the fact that a large number of domestic small hydropower stations are undergoing transformation and renovation and the particularity of the unit selection of these hydropower stations, this paper aims at the analysis and comparison of the performance characteristics of impulse turbine and inclined-jet turbine, to provides a theoretical basis and examples of evidence for choosing impulse turbine instead of inclined-jet turbine. Through a practical engineering case, this paper presents the considerations and methods of the comparison and type selection of impulse turbine, and provides an example for the unit selection during small hydropower stations renovation.

The whole configuration scheme of the Jishixia hydropower station water level and trash rack differential pressure measurement system is introduced firstly. Then, structure characteristics of the centralized monitoring unit, upstream and downstream data acquisition devices are discussed. The site information monitoring strategy, SSI communication characteristics and double redundancy design scheme are given. Lastly, design strategy of system software function modules is put forward.

Abstract::Optimal load allocation rule in hydropower station is the core content of real-time economic operation, whose results expression reflects the rules of optimal load allocation of generators in hydropower stations. Present study of the load allocation is more concentrated on the algorithm and pays more attention to the process of the load allocation, rarely involving the results expression. Aiming at making the flow consumption minimum, an optimal load distribution model was established and solved using dynamic programming method, achieving the optimal power characteristic curve of generators of hydropower stations .The concept, figures of optimal load allocation rule, was proposed, and the method to draw it was described in detail. The figure is of great operability and practicality value to enhance short-term hydropower optimal scheduling and real-time economic operation in hydropower station.

The ordinary differential equations(ODEs) was derived in detail for a simplified power system which contains a small hydropower in load center, and one-parameter bifurcation analysis was conducted by MATCONT based the ODEs, taking the active power of load as bifurcation parameter. The The ordinary differential equations(ODEs) was derived in detail for a simplified power system which contains a small hydropower in load center, and one-parameter bifurcation analysis was conducted by MATCONT based the ODEs, taking the active power of load as bifurcation parameter. The bifurcation calculation results show that a Hopf bifurcation(HB) point and a saddle-node bifurcation(SNB) point occur successively in the equilibrium point curve that can engender potential harm to voltage stability. This paper used the double-parameter bifurcation analysis method to study the influence of mechanical input Mm of hydraulic turbine and the AVR gain to voltage stability, the results show the increasing of the Mm can delay the SNB effectively and the HB to a certain extent, and the increasing of the KE can only delay the SNB finitely and has no influence to the HB. The conclusion can be obtained that full capacity operation of small hydropowers are beneficial to voltage stability in high water season.

Sdudy of optimal operation of the intake pumping water station is of guiding significance for pump station energy-saving. In regard to the operational characteristics of intake pumping water stations, a model which included constant speed or two-speed pumps was applied for optimal operation of the intake pumping water station. The model was developed with the minimum day total operational cost as objective function. The effect of peak-valley price and regulation of clearwells on the day total operational cost of the intake pumping water station were taken into consideration on the optimal operation.The model was computed with method of dynamic planning . Finally, the calculated results of the practical example shows that the intake pumping water station after optimal operation can effectively achieve to run with peak shifting and the full advantage of regulation of clearwells to responde to the peak-valley price in the case of the unchanged types of the original pumps and meeting the requirements of water suppy equally. And the day total operational cost of the intake pumping water station decreases significantly.This verifies the established optimal operation mathematical model is reasonable and effective.It is of certain guiding significance for energy-saving operation of analogous water pumping station.