Abstract: Fine public services and relative balanced goods supply are the basic guarantee for the rural and city equality development. Take the rural farmland facilities supply after 1949 in China, we can see those are not useful for the rural scientific development, especially the overlapping and unwieldiness of governments, the big different public goods supply behavior in different local government, lose all touch with reality depend on the government or the farmers to disposition resources. Facing the increasingly complex of natural meteorological climate and changing of resources environment conditions, we need to explore the establishment of differentiated, dynamic and diverse rural water supply systems and mechanisms, through the relevant policy leading into the rural water sector of social capital, so as to guarantee the new rural construction, peasants income increase and modern agriculture development sustainable.

the small-scale irrigation & water conservancy project (SSIWCI) is one of the most important infrastructures in rural areas. It is important to ensure national food security and social stability, and how it can be effective governance is widespread concern in society.Based on analysis of the development of its governance model and its property of public, it is proposed that at this stage it is necessary to implement the strategy of multi-model of governance in accordance to local conditions, and select governance models according to the economic attribute, social & cultural factors and the engineering conditions so as to build a diversified overall governance.

kaxkar river basin is a serious shortage of river basin water resources. Along with the social the rapid development of industry, agriculture and the people's living standards rise ceaselessly, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resource is becoming more and more prominent. This paper kaxkar river basin valley agricultural use surface and underground water amount limitation, discusses the drip irrigation water the choice of mode reasonable; To improve the ability of water-saving agricultural groundwater, realize the reasonable allocation of water resources, prevent agricultural water requirement rising demand provides useful advice and planning.

Abstract: Drought has been an important factor of restricting the sustainable agricultural development in Beijing.It can weaken the evaporation on the soil surface and inhibit deep leakage of water to use aquasorb. It is one of the effective ways to enhance water use efficiency.This paper select “KE HAN 98”（made in china，shorthand by KH）, HAN LI MIAO（made in Beijing，shorthand by KL）and AI SEN (made in France，shorthand by AS),which are the more commonly used on the agricultural,and analysis the influence of ions in different types and concentrations to water release characteristics of aquasorb used in soil.Results show that : Water release rate of aquasorb in different types and particle sizes show the dynamic characteristics of upward, smooth and decline in the deionized water, especially, the greater particle size is, the smaller water release rate is; The law of diminishing of water release rate of KH is the most obvious; Water retention of AS is the best, whose fluctuation isabout 6g/2h; Pre-release water of HL is faster and steady long time afterthe post-spin-down; Compared with deionized water, the moisture absorbed of aquasorb in deionized water significantly reduced, but the water release rate did not show the same laws;After three kinds of aquasorb absorbing ZnCl2 solution, The water release rate is dump in the late.When the concentration of NaCl solution is 0.2%,it is the most significant for influenting the water release rate of aquasorb,which expressed as the water release rate of three kinds of aquasorb were significantly lower than the other four concentrations after absorbing the solution,and it show a dump stage during the end of water release.

Abstract：Based on the practice and research about design, construction and management of the greenhouse drip irrigation system in low temperature regions, some existing problems on the water supply engineering construction, warming irrigation water and irrigation water quality protection etc were revealed, some feasible solution were put forward. The results show that the opened underground rectangle warming pool is the first choice for the design of the warming facilities in the greenhouse, because of its fast warming, low cost, little management risk. The comprehensive measures that are replacing heat preservation material on the greenhouse roof, installing sieve on the upside of warming basin and desilting basin in rectangle warming pool etc, should be adopted to make the drip irrigation system work normally. The capillary spacing of the greenhouse drip irrigation should be taken 40cm appropriately. It is necessary to install the replenishing water automation control system, and increase the buried depth of the water supply pipe network in the water supply system of the greenhouse drip irrigation. The results of the research could provide reference and technical support for the design and management of the greenhouse drip irrigation system in the low temperature region.

Nitrogen Solution of simulated constructed wetlands is used to study plant height, stem diameter, leaf areas and aboveground biomass changes under10 mg/ L,15 mg/L,20 mg/ L nitrogen solution irrigation. In the experiment fresh water irrigation is used for comparison at the same time. The result s show that plant height, stem diameter, leaf areas are affected by different nitrogen solution irrigations. The plant height, stem diameter, leaf areas under nitrogen solution irrigation are better than those under fresh water irrigation , nitrogen solution irrigation is beneficial to the growth of reeds. After 20mg/ L nitrogen solution irrigation the aboveground biomass and plant height of reeds is the largest.

We proposed a pollution diffusion model which suited for sudden water pollution emergency treatment of river. Six point implicit difference scheme was used for numerical solution of the model. Combining the instance, we simulated the spatio-temporal distribution of contaminants in a sudden water pollution accident, quantitively predicted the time and concentration of pollutants in the lower reaches of the river, and evaluated the pollutant concentrations using water quality identification index method, finally enabled the real-time dynamic visualization of results combing GIS.

Agricultural non-point pollution has characteristics such as the randomness, distribution range, harmfulness. It has become an important way of environmental pollution. Based on the in-situ measured data, the field of different crops total nitrogen and phosphorus output coefficient of Danjingshan town, PengZhou city, is analyzed in this paper. And then, the reasons for the difference between the form output coefficient of different crops and different hydrology years is also discussed. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve the output coefficient model, and give advice to control Agricultural non-point pollution of nitrogen, phosphonium in Dan jingshan city.Agricultural non-point pollution has characteristics such as the randomness, distribution range, harmfulness. It has become an important way of environmental pollution. Based on the in-situ measured data, the field of different crops total nitrogen and phosphorus output coefficient of Danjingshan town, PengZhou city, is analyzed in this paper. And then, the reasons for the difference between the form output coefficient of different crops and different hydrology years is also discussed. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve the output coefficient model, and give advice to control Agricultural non-point pollution of nitrogen, phosphonium in Dan jingshan city.

Through a series experiments on incipient motions after deposition and consolidation, relationship between incipient motion velocity of cohesive sediment and depth of water, silting duration under conditions of deposition and consolidation are studied, and conclusion that the incipient motion velocity of cohesive sediment will increase with depth of water and silting duration content. Moreover, analyzing and comparing with three regular formula, an empirical formula of cohesive incipient motion velocity of sediment in water inlet at Xuwen power plant is given out here according to the experiments data.

According to the malpractice of ignoring the complexity of the system for the past in the regional groundwater studies to cause the unreasonable analysis of the results, To define the complexity of the system using Kolmogorov entropy, adopting monthly groundwater depth monitoring data in 15 farms of jiansanjiang branch bureau, calculated the complexity of groundwater systems on farms based on Genetic Programming(GP) algorithm, and confirmed the order of complexity, the complexity analysis results show that, the complex of qixing farm is the most serious, followed by nongjiang farm, and the complex of erdaohe farm is the weakest, the characters of monthly groundwater depth series complexities are that the largest is the north subarea, the lowest is the middle subarea and the middle is the south subarea in Jiansanjiang branch bureau. And taking the complexity calculation, introducing the EMD-RBFNN model, further explored the influence of system complexity on the model prediction precision, pointed out that correlation relationship of complexity and the model prediction precision is existence, and made suggestions for the research of groundwater prediction model，pointed out that the complexity can be as a modeling reference factor . The research achievements provide a reference for improvement of existing predictive models and new methods is proposed , and provide scientific evidence for the scientific management of regional groundwater resources as well as the sustainable development of agriculture.

This paper establishes the operation management performance appraisal index system of rural safe drinking water projects, and establishes the appraisal model using the model of TOPSIS and GAHP.

It is feasibility and scientificalness using the spatial and temporal disparities of water quality and the reclamation of land from Taihu Lake to construct the Spare reservoir, Meanwhile, on the water conservation and scientific management basis, this paper expounds some design and management ideas on spare reservoir scale determination, water flowing, water quality maintenance and combined scheduling.

Rural drinking water safety system is a typically complicated system which is closely associated with the local environment, economy and society. The whole complicated system would collapse if a certain subsystem (elements) of the parent system does not meet the requirement of drinking water safety. According to the system brittleness theory, the brittleness of rural drinking water safety system is analysed and the brittle source for the breakdown of the drinking water system is distinguished. This article, taking Hebei province as an object to study, sets up the brittle hierarchical structure of local rural drinking water system and calculates the weight of the main factors with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP). Finally this study draw a conclusion that it is the excess fluorine, water insufficient, excess brackish water and the groundwater pollution that are the brittle source of the collapse of the drinking water safety system in Hebei province. It is shown that analysing the regional rural drinking water safety from the standpoint of system brittleness is feasible. The results of this research will provide control strategy for guaranteeing the rural drinking water safety system.

Abstract: Survey of socio-economic water use is one of the most important parts of the water census. The basic situation of Hubei Province and districts of water census, as well as the survey object, content and range of socio-economic water, were described in this paper. Sampling method, survey procedure and results of domestic water use, agricultural water use, public water supply enterprises, industry water use were discussed in details.

describes the northern Xinjiang Water Supply Project channel the typical type of failure occurred during operation and to take preventive measures to the successful experience of the construction and management of similar projects to provide a reference.

Temperature stress caused by temperature differences has been seldom taken into account on the design of the thin-wall structural aqueduct. In order to effectively reflect the loading state of the 3D thin-wall structure, it is essential to use the method of finite element to analyse the temperature field and temperature stress in the structure. The temperature module of the large use of finite element anslysis software ANSYS provided a great convenience for the temperature stress calculations on three-dimensional structure. This paper analyzes a variety of conditions in the Lanhe river culvert aqueduc of the Middle Route of South- to-North Water Diversion Project and compares the two different results whether the temperature stress has been taken into account.Temperature stress can’t be ignored when the internal and external temperature difference is greater. The conclusions can be drawn to the design of the thin-wall structer.

Based on the theory of fluid dynamics, the calculation formulas for the wave height and hydrodynamic pressure in aqueduct structure were derived on theories of deep water waves. Implementation method was given in the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The dynamic response analysis had been finished on four kinds of working conditions in aqueduct structure. The results show that: considering the damping effect of water wave has a great effect on the dynamic response of aqueduct structure.

The overtopping failure is a major failure mode of dammed lake dam, The flow diffused over the top of the dam erosion the dam, and formed a breach in the dam crest, and the breach become larger while the soil on both side collapse intermittently. It is on the basis of overtopping failure and the slope stability of soil mechanics, and model a numerical model in order to analyze the breach depth’s change of dammed lake dam. The model is applied to analyzing an instance of Tangjiashang barrier lake, and the Simulated and measured data is almost the same, and then verify the reliability of the model.

The radial gate of The Low-Level Sluice of Merowe Dam Project of The Republic of Sudan had operated for 3 years, but the water seal system and wear-resisting steel of exit were founded that there was breakage at different depths after flood period every year. On purpose for exploring whether there was dangerous vibration that could cause breakage in running process of radial gate, perform the fluid-induced vibration experiment by way of a 1:15 scale hydroelastic similar model. In 6 different conditions, make the tests of radial gate include static tests and dynamic tests, and evaluate the fluid-induced vibration security of radial gate by achievements. The dynamic test results indicated that this gate receive strength evenly which is in accordance with stress intensity. The maximal observed static stress is -76.19Mpa and the maximal dynamic coefficient is1.11.The strength of gate has enough safety storage. The maximal acceleration of this gate is 0.597g. By compare with datums of similar projects in China, we can judge that the strength of vibration is under the middle level. There is no eyeable phenomenon of violent vibration happened. So the breakage of the water seal system was not caused by fluid-induced vibration of radial gate. The real reason should be studied further.

According to the characteristics that over-voltage and lack of reactive power are easy to occur in small hydropower, combining with requirements of national power quality standards and state grid, a new synthetic power quality evaluation model based on gray and fuzzy theory is proposed. Taking all the elements into account, the synthetic weighting is obtained using analytic hierarchy process and entropy method. A relation matrix of the fuzzy synthetic evaluation is constructed based on grey relational coefficient. Finally, the synthetic evaluation of power quality is achieved. This method not only can perform synthetic assessment, but also can evaluate power quality difference more precisely within the same power quality grade. Besides, it reflects the pros and cons of each sub-index, which provides a reference for the adjustment and improvement of small hydropower stations. The feasibility and validity of the proposed model are demonstrated with the results of the practical example.

The Small Hydropower of Gannan areas XiaHe,LuQu,DieBu and HeZuo, produce serious impact on the safe operation of power network. This paper comprehensively and deeply analyzes the small hydropower has influence on the operation management, protection configuration and grid equipment of the gannan power network under the current grid structure, according to the safe and stable operation of the current grid structure some preventive measures is put forward objectively,and some suggestions about further perfect primary equipment and secondary equipment of power network,in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the gannan power network.

The paper analyzed the test and diagnosis methods of the pump unit of domestic and outside, according to the actual engineering situation of pump stations in our country, Large and medium-sized pump station unit property test and diagnosis system is developed, the system can tests pump unit’s operating characteristics as pumping head, flowrate, rotate speed ,power and etc, the system analyze and process the test data and draws related performance curves, mastering the unit running status. The system also can realize monitors pump unit’s vibration, throw, noise and other parameters on-line, according to the monitoring data for the early failure analysis and forecast unit, implementating unit prescient maintenance. The system through the engineering example test and verify, the effect is good, so the system has certain practical significance.