With the more and more investment of irrigation, how to encourage the farmers participates in the construction of irrigation is very important. Irrigation facilities are public goods, the farmers will take the "free rider" behavior in the irrigation construction. The paper firstly established the game model of the rational farmers that if participate the construction of the irrigation by game theory. It also established the model in the situation that the farmers will make mistake. The solution of the model is the equilibrium that farmers get cooperation strategy. At the last, the paper illuminates the internal mechanism that all people get cooperation strategy, also give some advices for the dilemma that farmers didn’t want to participate the construction of irrigation. It wishes to provide the basis for system innovation in the mechanism design of farmers participate the irrigation construction.

his paper discusses the issues and difficulties of the construction in irrigation and water conservancy projects in recent years. The author constructs the game model and put forward the analysis to the financing way of those irrigation and water conservancy projects. Finally, the paper proposed to build a farmland water conservancy infrastructure financing mechanism supported by diversification of investor, creativity choosing different financing channels in view of the different nature of the irrigation and water conservancy project, to promote the development of irrigation and water conservancy undertakings.

looking back the history of usage of water in wangqiao village ,we can know that rural foundational organizations have dropped out of the work of water conservancy’s providing, organizing and coordination slowly; and at the same time wangqiao village have presented a water crisis. Solving the plight ,we need to not only enhance the construction of water conservancy ,but also to make the foundational organizations’ come back strongly and enhance construction of foundational organizations. We have ignored the social and organizational foundation, which is the focus I want to emphasize in this article. Wangqiao’s current situation of foundational organizations can’t comfort the need of rural water conservancy’s development, so we need looking back the foundational organizations, enhancing the party’s construction, achieving the party’s leadership and give directions in the work of foundational governance; besides we also should resume the team leader of villagers and intensify financial diversion defray.

It’s necessary to explore the integration mode of the farmland water conservancy and rural landscape as the whole country strengthen the implementation of rural water conservancy construction. The article based on the farmland water conservancy and local rural landscape, considering many factors of production, living, and ecological in the construction of rural, proposed two integration modes as project integration and cultural landscape integration. Project integration includes dividing landscape according to the function of the farmland water conservancy and dividing space according to the shape of the farmland water conservancy and the water; cultural integration includes the integration of three cultures of project culture, water culture and regional culture in the farmland water conservancy. The raise of integration mode of the farmland water conservancy and rural landscape can provide proposals and references for the planning and design of rural landscape and the study of rural landscape diversity.

The Effects of pH on the adsorption of Cr(III) in soils were studied . The adsorption of Cr(III) in four soils were tested using the batch techniques, and the Cr(III) solution with different pH values were used in the batch techniques. The results showed 1) the absorption reaction of Cr(III) were in equilibrium within 2 hours for three alkaline soils, and within 24 hours for one acid soil; 2）the absorption of Cr(III) mainly depended on the pH of soils; 3) effects of pH of the added solution on the adsorption of Cr(III) depended on the soil buffer capacity to acids. Therefore, it is posssile to improve the environmental effect of Cr(III) by altering pH of soils and maintaining soil buffer capacity to acids.

Abstract: Based on water pollution situation investigation and measured water quality data in the artificial wetland at the inlet of the Xinxue River into south four lakes, the mathematical model and comprehensive evaluation index were set up by using comprehensive evaluation method. With the model and evaluation indicators, wastewater purification effectiveness was assessed for water quality of the South Four Lakes. It is shown through study that the water quality at the inlet of the Xinxue River was fluctuated among class III and class IV. There exists gap between the class III requirement of South-North project and the real measured water quality. It is sure that the present findings should play an important reference value in harness of water pollution of the South Four Lakes.

In this paper, we can use the ecological and economic value analysis theory and methods established by HTOdum to evaluate emergy-emdollar value of linghe river estuarine wetland. The results showed that: the benefits of the ecosystem service functions of function service and fisheries are significant. The emergy values are1.001×1021 sej and 4.349×1018 sej, the emdollar values are 4.094×109＄and 1.709×107＄. Emergy analysis showed that the development and utilization of linghe river estuarine wetland resources should be protected and restored under the premise of fisheries rational construction . In this context, we can coordinate the ecological function between the elements of dynamic balance, dual stage estuarine wetlands for sustainable development.

In this paper, by methods of field investigation, material analysis, model calculation, etc., the relevant data of onshore pollution source types and the pollution loads discharged into river of Jinshuwan Bay was collected. Also, further research on water flow movement characteristics and contaminant transport rule in both flood and non-flood season were conducted. According to the actual situation of the research area, key techniques such as the types of hydraulic tackle facilities, its layout and the effect was researched. At last, a hydraulic tackle scheme was put forward to reduce pollution load into the reserves, improve water quality, and meet the requirements of the river network water force.

Taking the treatment of domestic sewage in Shanghai rural area as an example, it analyzes the main features of domestic water emission and the related treatment processes. According to the problems existing, it discusses the measures and suggestions to manage the water from the aspects of choosing suitable processes, maintaining the present facilities and ensuring construction management of new project, establishing regulations and long-term management system,etc.

This article has carried on the analysis of the salinity and water movement of autumn irrigation of wasteland in Hetao irrigation district based on field experimental data. Using the water and salinity movement balance mechanism, take the control of water and salinity immersion and loss of 1m soil layer in salt wasteland. The research has shown that autumn irrigation leaching salt for the second year storage salt make “salt library”,63% supply water of autumn irrigation to leach salt, the salinity content reduced 256.8g/m2 in 1m soil layer of wasteland. Study of water and salinity movement during autumn irrigation has the important meaning to water-saving of autumn irrigation.

With the development of large-scale areas of drip irrigation under film in North Xinjiang, which change the eco-hydrological processes and form the new water-salt balance. In order to achieve scientific management of water resources and control groundwater, conveniently evaluate ecological environment quality and analyze the dynamic balance of water and salt. With the largest oasis of Manas river valley as study area, using the hydro-ecological Processing MODFLOW was used to establish numerical model of groundwater, calibrate and evaluate the model. The result showed that a high degree of fitness between prediction and observation, this model can simulate and forecast groundwater dynamic in this irrigation area by the calibration and validation. The final outcome of this study is to give the predictive capacity to use rationally the groundwater in arid land.

Abstract：The paper was aimed at investigating the security of irrigation water，soil，economic crops and eremophytes，together with a number of dynamic factors including irrigation scheduling，irrigation methods，irrigation water management strategies and soil amelioration methods were taken into account at the same time，then index system and method for security appraisal of using saline water are studied，as well. Based on the dynamic security index system, judgment method and grade standards security appraisal software model named SASI is compiled. SASI software is used to appraise the security of using mildly saline groundwater for agricultural irrigation in the southern part of Junggar Basin. The result shows the fact that as the continuous irrigation with mildly saline groundwater for years，soil and crop in the cotton field are gradually polluted in a certain degrees. And finally， measures and suggestions for improving the security situation of mildly saline groundwater irrigation are proposed.

Water-saving synthetic effect of regional industry is decomposed as industrial restructuring and industrial water use efficiency change and their interaction. The effect has both hierarchy and time interval characteristics in itself. Through the analysis on related statistic data of 10 years recently in Zhejiang province, water-saving effect caused by the industrial water use efficiency change exceeds the industrial restructuring while their interaction more obvious in different time scale. As for the water-saving effect of regional industry the third industry is not obvious, while water use efficiency improvement of primary industry and secondary industry with added value proportion decrease of the primary industry become dominant among three industries. Water use quota decreases of agricultural and industrial department become the main effect function in their industry interior structure. The analysis results show that water use efficiency improvement becomes the main driving force to water-saving effect of regional industry in the 10 years in Zhejiang province.

Based on the principles of open channel flow, inquire of the best hydraulic design of irrigation channels, cross-section method and practical economic cross-section method, by comparing the two design methods to optimize the analysis, a practical method in the economic section of the practicality of the design of irrigation channels, according to determine the channel cross-section structure of this size and not washed silt flow constraints. According to longitudinal channel design principles to determine the trunk and the branch's control of water intake requires the calculation to determine the level of convergence of the channel constraints. According to the principle of channel cut and fill balance to determine the quantities of irrigation channels and channel the amount of fill, excavation volume, channel gradient and fill loss coefficient of the nonlinear function, the conclusion for the optimal design of irrigation channels to provide technical support.

The irrigation control system based on PC and C8051F chip was designed by ourselves, fuzzy control programs were designed by the MATLAB fuzzy logic toolbox had planted into the single chip, fuzzy control results using SIMULINK to simulate. PC had transplanted WINCE6.0 embedded operation platform, using C# to develop the software, it includes observation , database operations and other functions. The whole system had combined application of the single chip microcomputer and the embedded technology to achieve the purpose of the fuzzy control.

Wheat interplanting sunflower is a typical kind of planting mode in hetao irrigation. This study using WIN ISAREG model calculated the reference crop evapotranspiration, combined with the characteristics of intercropping planting, using the integrated crop coefficient method to determine the wheat intercropping sunflower crop water consumption in whole growth stages. And at the same time through practical results to verified model parameters, ultimately accurate evaluated actual irrigation system and oprimized different scheme of wheat intercropping sunflower.Such as equipped with well irrigation in experimental site , Optimization irrigation scheme is implementing irrigation when the soil water content down to 70% of the appropriate moisture content, the water of the root layer reach to 85% of field capacity then stop the irrigation. If only the Yellow River water for irrigation water, the optimization scheme is irrigation five times in the whole growth period, then stop the irrigation when the water reach to 80% of the total effective water in the root layer.

Aimed at the flood vulnerability with many factors are complex nonlinear related problems, through the training and test sample selection, network program construction, and neural network training, best of parameters and original data inspection process, with matlab platform for establish RBF neural network vulnerability model flooding, the vulnerability of rice flooding is simulated, and the AGA-BP neural network with the training and test results were compared to verify RBF neural network in the flooding of vulnerability analysis is feasible and effective. Analysis shows that the RBF network test sample of average relative error is 5.428%, than AGA-BP network (test sample of average relative error is 8.652%) a higher precision, inspection effect is better, the simulation degree of vulnerability to more beautiful, make flood vulnerability analysis result more accurate and reliable.

Abstract: Full three dimensional numerical simulations of a volute-diffuser combined centrifugal pump were carried out using CFD under 3 operating conditions. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations were solved with a turbulence model of Realizable k-ε. The flow pattern was obtained. The head and hydraulic efficiency of the pump were calculated. Based on these, an analysis was made over the effect of impeller rotating position. The results show that: The head and efficiency will change periodically along with the impeller rotating position, so selecting a specific location result as the final predicted result will have a greater random error. The pressure filed and velocity field of the impeller, diffuser and volute also will have some impact with the impeller rotating position.

Abstract: Based on time-average N-S equations and used?????? turbulence model, turbulence kinetic energy and dissipation rate analysis in the standard centrifugal pump was calculated. Using the quality-weighted average turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate method, the analysis showed that turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate distribution along the radius are very similar .Except for 0.6 times of design discharge condition, turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate distribution showing the first increase, then decrease and finally increase. Under the low flow rate condition of 0.6 times of design discharge, Turbulence kinetic energy and dissipation rate reaches the maximum, so fluid energy loss is the most serious. From efficiency consideration, it should avoid running the pump at low flow rate condition.

According to the principles of designing drip irrigation project and the scheme of operating the project, the varied discharge of pressure pumping station was analyzed as well as components of pumping station head for a large drip irrigation system. A complicated process was stated for design pumping station head. The methods calculating the designed discharge and head were developed for the pressure pumping station and the principles were proposed in selecting pumps and design inlet structure.

Aiming at the surrounding underground environments change caused by tailrace tunnel excavation at Wendeng pumped storage power station, characteristics of groundwater distribution and strong drainage features due to adit and tailrace tunnel excavation are investigated based on intensive analysis of hydrogeology condition and engineering geological characteristics of the project area. Consequently, conceptual model of hydrogeology is presented and three-dimensional transient groundwater seepage model is established. Using improved cut-off negative pressure method which is applied in solving seepage flow with free surface, improved drainage substructure technique, pipeline substructure technique and preconditioned conjugate gradient method, simulation and analysis on the transient seepage at different construction stages of adit and tailrace tunnel excavation after lining are carried out. Dynamic variation procedure of the groundwater seepage flow and its influence on surrounding environments are studied for two schemes: tailrace tunnel excavated with and without lining. Results show that: (1) adit and channel system excavations have a direct and great influence on the lowering of water level; (2) groundwater seepage field gradually turns to steady state 300 days after lining of tailrace tunnel.

In order to meet the needs of the utilization of water resources, a growing number of hydropower stations with good water resources improve their own economic benefits by both power generation and water supply. The cost of the engineering modifications is the least by getting water directly from the pipelines. This paper presents a set of ideas and methods of calculation for the transition process of a Hydroelectric Power Plants with these special needs to ensure the safety and the normal operation of the generating unit. And the results provide a design basis and example for this type of hydropower stations.

Some release structures have damaged.This attributes to the hydropower stations have run for years,and now the damaged release structures needs to repair. This article relies on the project that floating gate is used to block the 10# bottom hole of Gongzui hydropower,analysing the static stability,the dynamic stability,the orientation and the operative mode of this new type of floating gate which has appeared in recent years.And the results can direct its application in theory.

The security of the under construction left bank slope of the Jinping I arch dam is outstanding, because of its huge quantities of excavation, complex geological conditions, tightly construction schedule and many unforeseen factors, it is important and necessary to strengthening the monitoring of the slope. Since deformation is the most intuitive physical to reflect the slope stability, based on the abutment groove A-A section of the support projects, the work of deformation monitoring and analysis is taken by using the multi-displacement meters and this work can timely feedback the conclusion to the construction site and direct the decision-making of the slope construction. The process of excavating the slope of the abutment groove benefit a lot from the results of the monitoring information analysis, measures including adjust the construction schedule and to strengthen the supporting work are taking in case of the rock deformation over the alert value, all these work is proved to be effectively guarantee the safety of the construction progress.

In this paper, plane two-dimensional numerical model was conducted to analyze the variation law of flow coefficient and submerged coefficient of gate in flood diversion area. Some conclusion can be drawn from the results. In the free overflow, the flow coefficient of gate in flood diversion area almost equals that of forward flow on the weir. When the submerged degree ranges from 0.8 to 0.98, the submerged coefficient of gate in flood diversion area equals that of forward flow on the weir on the whole. While the submerged degree ranges from 0.98 to 1.0(the forward flow on the weir doesn’t exist this range of submerged degree), plane two-dimensional numerical model is conducted to give the answer to submerged coefficient of flood diversion area and the result can guide the discharge calculation of gate in flood diversion area.