2-D numerical simulation is conducted for the upper Yellow River flow from Daliushu to Shapotou to study the sediment transportation and river-bed deformation. Modified 2-D RNG k-ε turbulence sediment model is developed，which is consisted of flow and sediment modules. Modified 2-D RNG k-ε turbulence model is adopted for the flow module, and total load model is adopted for the sediment module. In the total load model, both the bed deformations caused by various fractions of particle size of suspended load and bed load are considered. The numerical result is in good consistence with the measured data, indicating that the model can be used to simulate sediment transport and bed deformation in silt-laden rivers with continuous bends. Numerical simulations are conducted under four typical cases to study the influence of silt-discharge condition to the sediment transportation and bed deformation. In addition, on the basis of coupled and separated algorithms about flow and sediment modules, a semi-coupled algorithm is developed, which need less calculation time than coupled algorithm, and is more accurate than the separate algorithm.

As to the problem that the parameters of kernel function are difficult to determine, set the contribution rate of the first principal component as the goal function and the kernel parameters as optimal variables, and then adopt SCEM-UA method to resolve the problem. With the application of this method to assess the ground water quality and in comparison of traditional PCA (Principal Component Analysis)method, it shows that SCEM-UA-based KPCA (Kernel-PCA)method could objectively and precisely calculate the optimal kernel parameters and improve the credibility of comprehensive assessment. Meanwhile, it also verified the feasibility of this method used for water quality assessment.

Xianning is a new type of green garden city in Hubei Province. Gan River is a major river runs through the city. For the comprehensive improvement of a safe, eco-tourism as one of the urban landscape River, Hubei Province identified it as one point of water ecological restoration and protection. After repeated investigation in the implementation of the demonstration, combined with water protection, municipal Wastewater Interception, flood control, river regulation and riparian landscape construction, full multi-channel to achieve the ecological restoration of water and through the establishment of wetlands in river to achieve the protection of aquatic ecosystems.

With four targets of water quality results of Huaihe obtained by 11different observation stations in nearly seven years, the paper sets a comprehensive evaluation model through utilizing dynamic weighted function and BORDA function. It shows that the overall water quality of Huaihe is not optimistic, even it has been worse over the years, some reaches , such as Shenqiu brake ,of which is polluted seriously.

The operational efficiency of regional water treatment engineering’s input-output is the key to regional water pollution control and the healthy development of river’s ecology and environment. Based on the description of research status about regional water treatment system theory, the performance connotation of regional water treatment system and its evaluation significance are given, the performance evaluation index system of regional water treatment is established with its characteristics of economy, society, environment, technology and resources. The research on the comprehensive performance evaluation of the system’s input-output is given, based on the modified data envelop analysis model. Then, the paper verifies the effectiveness of the model with the examples, according to the analyzed result of the example, the advice and suggestion of optimizing regional water treatment performance is further put forward, to strength regional water pollution control and improve the operation efficiency of regional water treatment system and water ecology.

Carrying out the strictest water resources management regime is related to the sustainable development of our country. Based on the Summary of the main water resources management mode types and special emphasis at home and abroad, the innovation and developing idea of the management mode in China are discussed. The connotation and overall framework of water resources management mode under “three red lines” is analyzed and the demand in water resources management is suggested.

The extraction of watershed feature information is significant to hydrology and geographic information analysis,simulation technology and the establishment of the hydrological model. Based on STRM_DEM data in ArcGIS 9.3 environment,extraction of the gradient,aspect,the river network,river watershed boundary and area,and extracting subbasin.Analysis shows that,a threshold of 5000(40.5 km2) will make river network reflect the region water system better.According to the classification,small river catchment area and watershed topographic features,Jinghe River Basin can be divided into 32 subbasin. The relative error of Jinghe River basin area and some tributary area extraction are all small.Extraction results and the practical very close.The result shows that SRTM_DEM data and ArcGIS 9.3 for extraction of basin feature information has high accuracy,precision,convenient and wide application.

The study analyzed the changes and evolution characteristics of precipitation, evaporation and lower water vapor differential balance using Mann-Kendall rank correlation test and linear correlation analysis method in Dongling district, Shenyang. The Takahashi Koichiro formula was used to estimate evaporation with monthly mean temperature and precipitation time series data from 1951 to 2010. The result showed that: Precipitation, evaporation and steam down trend of difference was consistent in each month, where January minimum, July maximum.The water resources were rich in Summer and autumn, and shortage in Spring and Winter. The precipitation, evaporation and steam down deviation were showed decreased trend during the growing season of crops. The rate of climate change in precipitation, evaporation and steam down deviation were -21.162mm/10a、-17.905mm/10a and-3.238mm/10a, respectively.

In view of has the pressure to save water the shortcoming which the irrigation consumes energy high，Proposed and experimented has given the water with the“negative pressure water feeder” for the crops，Namely the double festival water-saving and energy saving water concept，Intermittent irrigation for the soil moisture fluctuated proposed concept of continuous moderate water，Water supply principle characteristics BE Using plant water relations appearance of the water Potential characteristics，And the tension features，Make use of a water supply machine humidity with didn't press or take to press form and soil and plant root to fasten to link take to negative pressure water supply sports system， With have already pressed stanza water irrigation contrast to save to add to press to consume ability，With irrigation the principle difference is to become intermittent type irrigation for Is continuous to supply water toward the farm crop，Supply water process and farm crop to need water process parallelism，Have a precise water supply characteristics。Brief introduction the theory foundation of double stanza water supply 、Way method and take to negative pressure water supply、Is super tiny to press water supply、Hair thin water supply、 moist water supply technique of experimenting and studying data.

How infiltration and plastic film hole evaporation process of saline-alkali soils with sand layers effects the movement of soil water ,solute and heat is not clear. In this paper, we studied three different depth sand layer soil water ,salt and soil heat movement characteristics by infiltration and plastic film hole evaporation experimental on different depth sand layer soil. The results showed that sand layer soil experience non-linear and linear processes during the ponding infiltration experimental;Sand-layers restrained soil water infiltration and soil salt leaching to some extent; During evaporation under plastic mulch of different open hole ratios, soil temperature on the surface 0cm were largest at any time, and the minimum soil temperature was at the bottom of the soil column, while 25cm depth was found to be soil temperature influence depth. The law of the soil profile of the temperature gradient show T (5-10cm sand layer)> T (10-15cm sand layer)> T (20-25cm sand layer) above 25cm Soil column.

In this paper,the shortage of agricultural water resources was analyzed and the agricultural water supply and dewand，and water shortage level Was predicted based on grey system GM(1，1)model．The result show that when the water supply rate P=50％，the shortage of water quantity will be 3.178×108m3, The total water 24.47％ respectively in 2015．And when P=75％ the shortage of water quantity will be 3.614×108m3, The total water 28.79％．It′s concluded that water supply could not meet the needs of the agriculture water demand in conventional irrigation and agriculture shortages will seriously constrainer egionale conomic devel-opment．To achieve development of water and economy in the alar irrigated area，it is suggested that contradiction between water supply and demand must be solved throush further development of water resources and water-saving measures.

Due to the water resource and power energy restricted on grass irrigation of pastoral areas, there is a water-saving irrigation mode through solar pumping used in pastoral areas, this paper describes the main technology system or equipment of the mode, and introduces the characteristics of the model, technical points, the combined effects of the application and applicable condition and other aspects.

Study on the settlement of composite ground under flexible foundation to provide some references for design and construction of composite ground under high embankment controlled by settlement. Taking one composite ground under high embankment for example, set contact model to describe relative displacement of pile and soil, use the “cell life death decay” technique to simulate work progress, explore the settlement characteristics of composite foundation by the finite element software ADINA. Under unload condition, compared the settlement gained from measured value and numerical computation, proved the correctness of calculation model. Forecasted the further development of ground settlement under load condition, analyzed the influence of pile soil modulus ratio, cushion and foundation, construction process to settlement of composite ground under flexible foundation. The calculation results show that: settlement of ground after loading has the same regulation with unload; cushion can coordinate settlement of pile and soil; settlement regularity exists a great diversity under different construction process. For composite ground under flexible foundation, should set cushion with 0.2~0.3m, make sure pile-soil ratio between 10~20, and choose “filling-piling” construction process to meet the settlement control requirement.

According to the actural engineering condition of an expressway’s slope, the finite element model of the rock slope is set up under the rainfall conditions by unstable saturated-unsaturated seepage flow with rainfall infiltration. The law of the groundwater seepage field of the slope under two conditions of heavy rains in the flood season and continuous rainfall conditions is calculated and analyzed, and the underground water load is determined. The process of stage excavation and reinforcement of the slope are further simulated, and the stress and deformation law and displacement change of the slope during each stage period are analyzed, and the stabilityof slope is evaluated under two conditions. It is shown that the minimum safety factor after rainfall is smaller than which is before rainfall, and the local safety factor is less than 1.0, so there is risk of landslides. The minimum safety factor after rainfall with support of mooring wire rope is bigger than which is without support, and the distribution of smaller safety factor is certainly decreased, so the safety factor is raised largely, which can meet the stability demands. The results not only provide a scientific basis for the project construction，but also have an important guiding to the slope reinforcement measures and landslide forecasting.

Permeable concrete as a kind of environment-friendly materials, is being used more and more widely in water conservancy engineering and road engineering, etc. The main factors affecting its properties are: water-cement ratio、ashes ratio and aggregate size. This paper adopts three factors different levels orthogonal experiment, takes the 28 days’ compressive strength and permeable coefficient as the index, analyzes the factors of permeable concrete’s properties by the three factors and the different levels, and determines the significance of the main factors by regression analysis and variance analysis, draws a conclusion: the influences of aggregate size and ashes ratio are significant, water-cement ratio has little influence. The experiment results can provide certain reference for the engineering practice.

Abstract: Plane strain state is familiar in geotechnical engineering. The paper contrapose the shortage of the shear strength study on loess under plane strain condition, have carried on research to the strength of unsaturated loess from Zizhou of Shaanxi with improved true triaxial apparatus. The results show that with certain water moisture, the shear strength of remolding loess has a increasing trend with the increasing of σ3 from 50kPa to 200kPa. For a given σ3, when the water moisture is less than a certain critical value the shear strength of remolding loess has a very small change. And when the water moisture exceed this value, the strength has a substantially decrease. Moreover, σ3 has a greater effect on lateral deformation than water moisture.

Abstract: Loess is a kind of soil with porosity and joints, which can change the soil’s mechanics behavior. Based on particle analysis test and physical & mechanics test of loess, a virtual specimen and uniaxial compression test of loess is done under particle flow code with its embedded fish language. Then, uniaxial compression tests with eight kinds of joints such as no joint and 30°、40°、50°、60°、70°、80°、90°joints are designed to study effect of joint. Moreover, the influence of rupture process, crack number and propagation, curve of stress and strain, energy transformation derived from joints is analyzed based on these numerical test results. Found that advantageous failure plane is more apparent, crack total number is lower, strain energy needed in failure process is less, loess is apt to destroy with lower bearing capacity at that time when angle of joint being near to the shearing failure angle of loess. In practice, approach of both angles should be avoided.

Based on the pile foundation of Tian-xing-zhou Bridge, the model test is conducted to study the interface roughness’ influence and the socketed depth’s influence on rock-socketed pile bearing mechanism. In the model test, the pile is simulated with organic glass rod, the bed rock is simulated with mixture of sand and plaster, and the rock-soil overlain the bed rock is simulated with silty sand according to similarity principle respectively. The results show that load-settlement curves grow more gently, the ultimate bearing capacity is bigger, the proportion of point resistance is lower, and the shaft resistance is bigger as the surface of pile is rougher; the settlement of top of model pile is smaller and the ratio of point resistance is smaller when the socketed depth is longer. When the socketed depth reaches 5D, the ratio of point resistance is no more than 30%. The conclusions drawed from model test are that the interface roughness influences the bearing capacity of pile and the ratio between shaft resistance and point resistance, that the design socketed depth should not extend 5D and can bigger when sediment exists.

Testing studies of transition zone material of sandstone for Xiaolangdi rockfill are performed with PFC2D .Through test of transition zone materials with different sample sizes and different maximum sizes of grain,the influences of D,dmax on stress-strain-strength characteristics are analyzed to study the Testing studies of transition zone material of sandstone for Xiaolangdi rockfill are performed with PFC2D .Through test of transition zone materials with different sample sizes and different maximum sizes of grain,the influences of D,dmax on stress-strain-strength characteristics are analyzed to study the scale effect that exists in laboratory tests.The results indicate that initial tangent elastic modulus increase as the sample size increases. For the same size sample, initial tangent elastic modulus increases as the confining pressure increases,while the possion ratio decreases as the confining pressure increases.

Based on the assumption of instantaneous dam break, this paper calculates the dam bursting flood of Shangyou reservoir by short method, and calculates the interval flood from Shangyou reservoir to Deze reservoir. Then, it studies the combined encounter about the two interval flood above-mentioned. Finally, it gets the flood hydrograph of Deze reservoir’ damsite section affected by dam breaking of Shangyou reservoir. The result shows that, in general, the dam breaking of Shangyou reservoir has little impact on Deze reservoir. This result support an important foundation to Deze reservoir’ secure design.

Based on Navier-Stokes equations and standard κ-ε turbulence model, the flow in a screw centrifugal pump was simulated to predict the performance of the pump, using SIMPLEC algorithm with different clearances between the impeller and the suction chamber. The head and radial hydraulic force on the impeller and volute with four clearances were analyzed and compared. The results indicate that the head will descend with the increase of the clearance, especially when the clearance is over 1mm. The radial hydraulic force has similar variation trend as the flow rate changes, while the radial force on the volute will decrease more than that on the impeller with the same flow rate variation. The clearances do not have great influence on the radial hydraulic force in the impeller and volute. With four clearances the radial hydraulic forces all reach the minimum when the flow rate is 0.75 times of the design discharge, the values of which are significantly over that pre?sented by Stepanoff. The experimental coefficient of the radial force theoretical prediction is around 0.25 in the screw centrifugal pump.

Take IFIX 3.5 upper PC configuration monitoring software as platform, combining with Siemens S7-300PLC, constructed a monitoring structure of electrical drainage stations` monitoring system. Through the communication designing of monitoring system on upper PC and lower PC, configured PLC communication parameters and IFIX communication parameters, adopted MODBUS TCP communication protocol, realized the client--server data exchange. And the upper PC database and supervisory display are designed. Provided a feasible method for electrical drainage stations` network management and information integrated, realized monitoring and control of the whole electrical drainage stations, guaranteed the reliable and real time date communication for monitoring system.

The present situation about characteristics prediction of centrifugal pumps based on CFD was introduced simply. In order to study the prediction precision of the methods based on CFD, the flow field at design condition in two centrifugal pumps was simulated by RANS steady method, RANS unsteady method and LES method separately. The specific speeds of the two pumps are different. According to the simulation results, the energy characteristics of the three centrifugal pump models were predicted and the head and efficiency of the three models were compared with the experiment results in detail. Also, the period number of unsteady numerical simulation for adequate predictio precision was analyzed. The research results indicate that more than five periods are required for the numerical unsteady simulation. The pressure fluctuation cycle of energy characteristics equals to blade passing frequency.The average characteristics prediction precision of RANS unsteady method is basically the same as that of LES method. The prediction precision of the RANS steady method are the lower than that of unsteady simulation.

Automatic control system of air compressor is a major component of the hydropower station gas system. Its reliable operation plays an important role in the safe and stable operation of power plant. For the insufficiency of automatic control system of conventional air compressor in the actual operation.It is proposed that using the s7-200 PLC control program to replace the traditional relay control, and it has achieved satisfactory results in practical applications. This bill is very suitable for transformation to the similar system of small and medium-sized power station.

The more rural areas the shortage of conventional energy, power grid coverage is limited, no electricity in many places, but the reserves of renewable energy is very rich in China's vast rural and remote areas can be developed distribution of a large number of water and solar energy resources, small hydropower has been into electricity to rural and remote areas the main force of the problem. However, the majority of small hydropower in rural areas are run-of-the flow of small or when the dry season, extreme efficiency decreased and could not meet electricity demand, supply security can not be guaranteed. In this paper, small hydropower, solar-powered model complementary to improve the safety of small rural water supply protection.

The principal component analysis is a dimension reduction and multivariate statistical analysis method. It can reflect water quality comprehensive condition in the water quality evaluation. The rural life's drinking water pollution is severer in QingYuan County in rainy season; The fourteen representative water samples are selected according to pollution characteristics of the drinking water. Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water（GB5749-2006）is used for standard to evaluate and elect the pollution. Then water quality is evaluated by using principal component analysis. Evaluation results of water: Microbial pollution is the main pollution of the rural life's drinking water in the qingyuan. The sampling point water quality is poorest in the Dagujia Town, and then Tukouzi town, The sampling point water quality is best in the Beisanjia Town evaluation results are consistent with actual situation. The principal component analysis reflects the actualsituation in the less comprehensive index and can supplements the defects of the single factor evaluation; it is a feasible evaluation method.

According to the characteristics of the water movement of different irrigation methods in the oasis agriculture area, the agriculture area is divided into two research areas based on different irrigation methods ,and a model is established. Using this model and the dissipative hydrological theory analyzed the water transformation relationship in the transfer-water irrigation area and pump irrigation area and water movement amout between these areas. At last, the water consumption of agriculture areas is discussed in different period. The analysis results show that it is suitable that the agriculture area is divided into these two areas.and this modle can be applied to research the water movement of the irrigation area which exist different irrigation methods.

The research introduces the basical agricultural resources situation in the east of Gansu province, discussing the sustainable development of irrigation and water conservancy construction from the two aspects of table-land and mountains. According to comparative analysis, it puts forward the basic methods of irrigation suiting to table-land area, and summarizes that measures combining agriculture and forestry, agriculture and grass, and solutions to the soil erosion and the shortage of water resource aiming at reforestation in mountains.

The small water conservancy is an important guarantee for increasing agricultural production capacity and increasing the income of farmers. The small water conservancy is affected by the natural, the social, the human and the other unfavorable factors in its development process. Their own advantages and favorable external conditions are not took full advantage of play, which hinder its overall development. In this paper, the strengths、the weaknesses 、the opportunities and the challenges of the water conservancy in China has been analyzed with the SWOT model the management strategy for the development of small water conservancy is proposed from the government's management point of view, which can promote the robust rapid development of the small water conservancy.

Abstract: Aiming at agricultural water efficiency lowly, industry water structure unreasonable and industrial development slowly in the irrigation area of ningxia, It restricted economic development of Ningxia, this paper study on key technology of water right transfer the Huanghe Valley、period 、Water-saving engineering investment、cost constitutes、Price and value of water right transfer in Ningxia. the result shows that key technology of water right transfer has played an important role in Proper guidance and ensured the smooth implementation, it also system Construction water right transfer important to build and improve in China.