The article introduced Water Poverty Index (WPI) for the problem of water security assessment. It is the first time that made a deep analysis to city water security assessment indexes in china, and what’s more, an evaluation index system is fit for rivers in china has also been made in the article. Shiyang River Basin as an example to demonstrate the application of the index reflects a clear threat to the water security of the specific characteristics of the factors that, classified the security level by using method of water security assessment safety grade, provided evidence for water security early warning mechanism.

There are many shortages of the parameter optimization for Van Genuchten equation nowadays. According to the theoretic analysis, this essay gets the result of the monotonic function based on Van Genuchten, which means unipolar ualues function. And we can identify Van Genuchten equation parameter by using pattern search algorithm which is good for parial search ability. The illustrative examples and tolerance analysis show that pattern search algorithm for getting Van Genuchten is easy, fast, flexible and accurate. It provides a new way for solving Van Genuchten equation.

Since the late 1980s, Kaqun diversion, Wufu headwork and Minsheng headwork has been built in the Yarkand River Basin. The completion and operation of these hydraulic projects not only improve the water management conditions ofthe Yarkand River, but also lead to some changes of current diversion situation and the consistency of flood series observed in the hydrological stations below the Kaqun Station. In order to calculate the designed flood peak discharge of the control node in flood control project designing, the relative attenuation rate are calculated according to the diversion and recession data observed by the diversion and recession channels between the hydrological stations firstly, and then we make the returning calculation of the observed peak discharge of the hydrological station below the outlet of the Yarkand River Basin and finally we get the designed flood peak discharge.

To meet the requirements of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the dam of Danjiangkou Reservoir need to be heightened,and the operation tasts will be changed, then water supply will become more important a tast than electricity.In this paper a long series of simulate calculation by simplify operation strategy will be done to get the relationship curves of regulation streamflow~the guarantee rate of the downstream water use~annual water diversion volume and the reservoir operation multi-objective solution.On this base, search the new operation ways.Compare the result with the conventional control way’s,and the result indicates that the simplify operation strategy is a reasonable way to solve the multi-objective operation problem of Danjiangkou Reservoir.

Based on an analysis of factors affecting grain loss caused by drought, the change of these factors is analyzed. At the same time, by a series of precipitation data, the binary evaluation model of grain loss is established. All these can provide new methods for assessing grain loss in different years, which can play a very important role in alleviating drought and disaster.

Water yield of single wells in low hilly areas in the mid-west is generally below 100m3/d， which occupies 80.8% of the total area of red beds confined water; water yield of single wells in central mountain areas is between 500 m3/d to 1000 m3/d., which accounts for 9.2%; the other watery zone dispersely distributed in alar part and transition position of anticline and syncline in red beds confined water region. Red beds confined water abandonment mainly depends on the combination condition of ore character,tectonic position,topography,geomorphology and precipitation distribution. Tectonic conditions play a leading role, which directly controls the formaton of crack growth degree and structure benefitting for groundwater occurrence. condition of ore character is the foundation of red beds concined water occurrence. tectonic position.Topography,eomorphology and precipitation distribution are important factors that control groundwater replenishment,transport,reservation and enrichment in this area.

Wavelet denoising and smooth and steady time series prediction is widely used in forecasting, but seldom used in predicting precipitation . This paper is an attempt to use the smooth and steady time series prediction based on wavelet denosing in precipitation prediction. The results show that the method can effectively improve the accuracy of precipitation forecasting. Based on the rainfall data during 1971 to 2006 in Dandong, the model for predicting precipitation is established. The computational results show that the prediction models in this paper are simpler and more accurate than the basic smooth and steady time series prediction model. An effective way for forecasting precipitation is provided. It has practical significance to disaster prevention and mitigation.

The updated SWAT is used on Yangshudang watershed in Zhanghe Irrigation System for nitrogen and phosphorus loss simulation in different hydrological years. The results show that rainfall is the key factor for nitrogen and phosphorus losses，there is a very close relationship between annual rainfall and the yearly losses of nitrogen and phosphorus. During the year，the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus vary as the amount of rainfall changes in different months，and they come to the peak value at the same time.In addition，the methods of using fertilizers also affect nitrogen and phosphorus losses. Therefore, we should manage water and fertilizer more carefully during flood seasons. In this way, we can reduce the losses of nitrogen and phosphorus, increase the ratio of using fertilizers , and reduce the harmfulness of non-point pollution.

The Optimal parameters of aniline wasterwater treated by white rot fungus with orthogonal experiments are: bacteria 2ml, Temperature is 35℃, reaction time is 24h. Aniline wastewater is degrade by white rot fungus in optimal condition, the data is fitted by custom curve in Origin, we obtain the kinetics parameters of experiments as follows: Saturated reaction ratio costant Ks is 43.38mg•L-1, Max reaction ratio k is 2.47 mg•L-1•h-1. The determination coefficient R square is 0.98.

Based on an analysis of the connotation of river health, the index system for evaluation of river health is constructed according to the common and individual characters: national function, entironment function and social function. Then an evaluation method is proposed. The proposed index system and the method are used to assess the Xijiang River in China.

Distinct Element Method of UDEC is used to simulate the cofferdam of Xiangjiaba Dam, considering the structure characteristic of flexible retaining dam, and Dam's stress and displacement is then gained before and after the earth pressure acted on dam. Variations of stress and displacement of key points has been taken records, and a clearer understanding of dam's variation of displacement and stress characteristics is gained through the records. Numerical results presented in the paper indicate that the Distinct Element Method of UDEC is reliable and feasible. It can catch the flexible characteristic of the gabion structure nicely, simulating the large variation of normal displacement and tangential sliding exactly, and i can estimate the stability of the structure. And it is a helpful reference towards the construction.

Taken earth dam reinforcement engineering of BeiChaLong reservoir as an example, considered the couple effect of seepage field and stress field and the contact effect between impervious core and soil body, the elastic-plasticity FEM of impervious core earth dam is set up. The impervious core deformation and stress are analyzed on the condition of different thickness, different position and different material parameter of impervious core, and the effect on stress and deformation on impervious core of earth dam with different geometric and material parameter is also analyzed, and the proper parameters of the geometric and material are proposed. The result can provide an important reference for this project on the dam safety monitoring and management.

The engineering safety monitoring is the important part of the engineering run management. To make the monitoring information automatic, viewable and be on network is the trend of the safety monitoring. In this paper, we introduce an engineering safety monitoring system(ESMS), which is composed of the intellectual data collection equipment and the software of SafetyMonitorWeb on PC. We describe the function design of the equipment and the function programming of the software in detail. At last, we give a brief introduction of the successful application of this system in a certain water power plant in Jiangxi.

The Static&Dynamic of the Upper Lock Head of Tingzikou Hydropower Station was studied by 3D linear elasticity FEM, the results indicated that the displacement and stress values of upper lock head are within a reasonable range. The deep anti-sliding stability as analyzed by stress algebraic sum method and strength reduction method on two plans which the gullet placed at the Upper Lock Head of the upstream and downstream respectively. The results showed that the anti-sliding stability safety factors of the various soft rock layers under every working conditions met code requirement. The stability of the Upper Lock Head was guaranteed.

Conducting the Nonlinear total analytical process of the RCB, which strengthened by Steel-plate; combining with the constitutive relation between steel and concrete from the existing standards, we obtained the M-Φ curve. First calculated the deflection from the curvature with exerting the conception of curvature; and the acquired the formula of calculating the stiffness; finally made a comparison between the calculated value and specification value. The result indicated the calculated value is well-reflected the stiffness change, so it can be taken as a reference of the Steel-plate gluing.

The occurrence of cracks on the fresh concrete surface is a common phenomenon in construction. The causes of surface cracks on fresh concrete are analyzed in accordance with the problem of concrete cracks on the upstream side wall of the main machine hall of Peihu Hydropower Station in Pakistan. The results indicate that the main factors leading to concrete cracks are concrete temperature variation, low ambient temperature and great temperature difference. Then relevant treatment measures related to cracks are proposed .

Based on the penetration grouting theory, common spherical and cylindrical formulas are used an example. Considering viscosity varies with time, the average of different times grout viscosities is used as grouting parameters. The integral method of mathematical theory is used to obtain the average of grout viscosities. Formulas for calculating the spherical and cylindrical diffusion radius of grout with gradually variational viscosity grouting sand and gravel layers are deduced. The application scope of the formulas is analyzed and the algorithm for solving this formulas is proposed. The derivation formulas are used in practical projects. Practice has proved that the newly deduced formulas using the average of different times grout viscosities as grouting parameters and considering the effect of change in grout viscosity are more reasonable and more practical.

Based on the hydraulic integrated physical model that has the geometrical scale of 1: 60, an experimental hydraulic study is of spillway danger control and reinforcement projects of Huayanghe Reservoir designed according to the primary program . Furthermore, optimization experiment on the program is carried out to improve the energy dissipation and erosion control effect of spillway. The research findings show that compared with other schemes, setting a series of energy dissipation piers in the second stilling pool is recommended because it can realize an energy dissipation ratio of over 69.9 % and the investment increases not too much. The new method can not only meet the flood discharge capacity but also improve the situation that the poor flow pattern comes into being in the second stilling pool. Optimized shape of the second stilling pool has been applied to engineering design.

With the popularization of total station instruments and GPS-RTK, it simplifies the process of 3D data acquisition. In this paper, a method of data conversion is discussed based on VBA programming in AutoCAD, from random topographic point to the format of cross-section, , which makes the result credible and reliable.

The influence of temperature variations on uplift pressure of concrete dam foundation is studied by establishing statistical monitoring models for uplift pressure with or without temperature factors. The research shows that, considering temperature factors, the quality of the model is better, and can describe the influence of environmental variables on seepage more, evaluate the dam safety more accurately.

Crane beams on rock walls in hydraulic power station projects are used as an example. This paper studies different lengths of bolt sleeves that affect the deformation and the behaviors of loading state by elasto- viscoplastic finite element method. The advantages and disadvantages of locating the bolt sleeves in crane beams are analyzed, and some suggestions are put forward.

FeO (OH) absorbent was synthesized through loading FeO (OH) in the organic polymer, based on Fe (III) has a good affinity for arsenic. The effects of arsenic removal of FeO(OH) absorbent was studied by batch and column experiments. The results show that FeO (OH) adsorbent has a good As (V) adsorption efficiency, the maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity is 13.7 mg/g with solution made by pure water. FeO(OH) absorbent can absorb arsenic(V) effectively in the pH range of 3.0～9.0, most effectively in pH=4.0. The reusable/initial adsorption capacities maintain between 0.5~0.6 along with the running cycles, which indicates absorbent has a good reusable performance; Through column experiment, with the As(V) concentrations 100~120μg/L and 500~550μg/L, the breakthrough BV are 5000 and 1400, breakthrough adsorption capacities are 0.76 and1.08mg/g.

According to the development program in irrigation areas, research is done on 76 700 hm2’s water-saving local agriculture in arid areas of central Ningxia. Based on the development plan, this paper studies the modes of water supply, field irrigation, crop planting，and the rotation system,supplementary irrigation system, agronomic management practices. It also puts forward the design content and standards of source projects,conveyance pipe,network project, field irrigation pipe network project and rotation flow method. At last, it analyzes the irrigation management mechanism and irrigation management mode.

Basing on the experiment of different irrigation schedules that was carried out on spring wheat dressed with water retaining agent, we studied the yield and water consumption pattern of growth period. The results showed that applying water retaining agent had the benefits of improving soil water-holding capacity, reducing soil water evaporation, improving water use efficiency, and promoting plant growth and development. Using water retaining agent made production by 150～225kg/hm2 , beneficits of pre-stere water by 0.03～0.06kg/m3 and soil moisture content in whole growth period increase by 5%. The purpose of water-saving and production increasing were gained.

The Dynamic measuring data of soil moisture content in 2001-2008 were obtained from yucheng experimental site, chinese academic of sciences. The data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation test. It is concluded that the root layer of 0-50cm soil moisture is only 30cm soil depth is relatively accurate. As a result, the best root layer for determining soil moisture content is at the depth of 30cm.in this region. This conclusion applies to the lower Yellow River alluvial plain of farmland soil moisture monitoring.

Pressure and discharge variations cause low service performances and negatively impact farm sprinkler or micro-irrigation systems in pressurized irrigation systems. Assuming a steady state approach, many models simulate pressurized irrigation systems and assess the respective performance. However, that approach does not apply when the variation in flow regimes and discharges at hydrants is pressure-driven. To carry on the performance analysis of these systems, the PNCS model has been developed and applied. Using a simplified solution of the characteristic equations of flow, it simulates flow in the irrigation systems. The performance analysis conducted bases upon the computation of the relative pressure deficits at every hydrant within a given number of configurations of hydrants operating simultaneously. This approach allows identifying both the hydrants which do not satisfy the preset pressure and discharge conditions and the areas where pipe sizes may be undersized. The model was tested with data collected in a irrigation system in Toronto. Results demonstrate the ability of the model to reappear the conditions observed at selected hydrants.

To improve the efficiency of field calibration and reduce the effect of soil spatial variability to the calibration equation, Time Domain Reflectometry(TDR)was used to calibrate Neutron Probe. When laying neutron tube with the spacing of 10cm, we drilled, observed the soil lithology and measured volumetric water content with TDR at the same time. Radioactive count was measured by Neutron Probe, and the relationship curve between volumetric water content and count rate ratio would be gotten. The results showed that, (1) sandy loam and silt shared the same calibration equation: y = 41.989x + 14.989, R2 = 0.8539; (2) bulk density did not affect the calibration results, however, it was not suitable for the use of Neutron Probe to measure moisture content of the soil at the depth of 0-30cm; (3) below the depth of 30cm ,the calibration equation of Neutron Probe using TDR was: y = 53.139x + 10.397, R2 = 0.968; (4) the applicability analysis of TDR indicated that the volumetric water content can be directly measured by TDR for the sandy loam and silt in the study area. TDR was fit for the calibration of Neutron Probe. Therefore, it is a quick effective method to calibrate Neutron Probe in field.

Groundwater level is low in northwest region in our country, and there is large amount of sands in the water in this area. Design method of a new type of magnetic vibration pump was presented. The size and weight of the pump was reduced, and its structure became compact. Operating principle and outstanding virtues of vibration pump was described. The advantages of vibration pump are small-flow, high-head and self-priming. Experiments based on sample pump were carried out and the characteristics of the pump were obtained. All the test results showed that the performances of the sample pump meet the design requirements. Design method of electromagnetic vibration pump is proved to be feasible and accurate, and adequate theoretical basis for the industrial production is provided.

Water resources are scarce in the middle part of the arid areas in Ningxia, a great deal of existing pumping irrigation projects have played an irreplaceable role in water supply for living and production .However, since the projects were put into operation, the water environment has changed, and corrosion damage problem has happened to the structure of pumping station, Yan-huan-ding Pumping Irrigation Project is a typical example. In order to solve the problem, an investigation is made of the corrosion and the cause of the corrosion is analyzed. As a result, we think that changes in the water environment, serious freeze and thaw action at low temperatures and quality control in construction, operation and management , all affect corrosion damage of the pumping station.

Before pumping station renovation,Jiangdu NO.4 pump station conduct experiment of the synchronous motor insulation aging qualification test. Article discusses the aging qualification test method and test data.Through the aging qualification test,we can keep abreast of synchronous motor insulation, provide accurate data for pumping station renovation,protection of the safe operation of synchronous motor and operation and management of pumping stations will play a positive role in promoting.

The sediment accumulation of the Shenxigou Hydropower Station is studied and relevant physical modeling experiments are carried out. Based on the validation of the detention effect on sediment of the sand-guide sill before the power station, this paper is an attempt to study the scouring effect on sediment situation of the reservoir with two scheduling modes: sand sluicing with normal operation of the power station, and sand sluicing with closure of the power station. The experimental results show that on the latter scheduling mode, more sediments are scoured, especially with discharge scales Q=6 290 m3/s and Q=3 300 m3/s and the elevation of the river bed becomes noticeably lower.

This paper introduced that strengthening T beam frame fiber reinfored polymer strip wrapped along the rib of beam can restrict crack development and increase bearing capacity.The behaviors of strengthened beam and CFRP strip are analyzed,and the formulas of bending capacity for strengened beam are presented . The result is proved that the bending capacity of beam improved sixty percent and offered the scientific ways for solving the practical problem of the project .

This paper presents a new unsynchronized two-terminal transmission line fault location algorithm。By using wavelet transform to detect the signal singularity and analyzing the two-terminal data, the fault time can be obtained and the unsynchronized angle and the fault location are also calculated. Simulation results show that this method can regulate the unsynchronized data and realize fault location precisely.